North Korea condemns Seoul's recent security deal with Washington as 'confrontational' SEOUL, November 18 (AJP) - North Korea denounced a joint fact sheet released last week outlining trade and security agreements between Seoul and Washington, warning that it will take countermeasures against what it called a "confrontational stance," state media reported on Tuesday. In a lengthy commentary, the state-run possession of nuclear submarine, disregarding the danger of the global nuclear arms race to be incurred by the nuclear proliferation to a non-nuclear state, and gave green light for the enrichment of uranium and the reprocessing of nuclear waste fuel, thus laying a springboard for its development into the 'quasi-nuclear weapons state,'" it said. The "strategic move" is "bound to cause a 'nuclear domino phenomenon' in the region and spark a hot arms race," it added. * This article, published by Aju Business Daily, was translated by AI and edited by AJP. 2025-11-18 09:31:58

Hyundai Motor Group bets big on driverless cars, humanoid robots SEOUL, November 18 (AJP) - Hyundai Motor Group is making one of the most aggressive wagers yet on artificial intelligence in the global auto industry, unveiling plans to spend roughly 51 trillion won — about $38 billion — in the coming years to build an AI-driven manufacturing ecosystem centered on autonomous vehicles and humanoid robots. The investment, stretching from 2026 to 2030, signals the company’s belief that the automobile is rapidly evolving from a machine designed for transport into a mobile platform that reshapes how people use their time. At the same time, Hyundai is betting that factories — long optimized for speed and cost — will soon need to operate with a level of autonomy that mirrors the vehicles they produce. “Our mid- to long-term goal is to establish AI infrastructure and an advanced AI robotics value chain to transform the automotive industry,” a Hyundai official said. A cornerstone of Hyundai’s plan is a high-power AI data center capable of processing the staggering volumes of information produced by autonomous vehicles and physical robots. This facility will store petabyte-scale datasets and train models that must continuously interpret a shifting world: road conditions, human behavior, mechanical wear, and countless other variables. The company is also building what it calls a “Physical AI Application Center,” designed as a proving ground where robots can be tested for safety and reliability before being deployed to industrial settings. Hyundai says this will support a new business in customized robots and AI-based manufacturing services — including foundry operations and tailored machine designs. The move comes as South Korea — despite its strengths in semiconductors and advanced manufacturing — lacks dedicated research hubs in physical AI. That gap has left Hyundai trailing competitors in the United States and China, where companies like Tesla, Boston Dynamics, now owned by Hyundai but still U.S.-based in origin, and several Chinese EV makers are racing ahead on autonomous driving and humanoid robotics. Hyundai argues that building out AI infrastructure is no longer optional. Autonomous vehicles rely on dense networks of cameras, sensors, and high-precision maps to make rapid decisions in unpredictable environments. In factories, humanoid robots must identify hazards in real time and adapt to complex work routines once reserved only for humans. The company says the long-term goal is to collapse the boundaries between Hyundai’s products and the factories that build them. In this vision, autonomous cars and factory robots feed data into shared AI systems that optimize not only manufacturing but the vehicles’ own performance on the road. It is a sweeping reimagination of the auto business — one in which software and physical intelligence drive value, and where the factory floor becomes as important as the showroom. “Integrating vehicles and factories into a single intelligent ecosystem is essential for the future of mobility,” a company representative said. * This article, published by Aju Business Daily, was translated by AI and edited by AJP. 2025-11-18 09:23:33

Indian minister pushes shipbuilding cooperation during visit to South Korea SEOUL, November 17 (AJP) - Shri Hardeep Singh Puri, India's Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas, spent two days in South Korea meeting shipbuilding and shipping leaders as part of India's effort to expand maritime cooperation under the country's Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047. The minister toured the HD Hyundai Heavy Industries shipyard in Ulsan on November 17, calling the visit productive. The shipyard, described by the Indian Embassy as the world's largest, covers 1,680 acres. He said India's fast-growing energy and shipping sectors, driven by the Make in India initiative and supported by a young population, offer what he called a "golden opportunity" for Korean shipyards to "Make in India for the World." He noted that nearly 20 percent of global vessels are expected to either arrive in or depart from India in the next fifteen years. He also reviewed progress under an existing agreement with Cochin Shipyard Limited, saying plans for a block fabrication facility are expected to be finalised soon. According to the release, India's public-sector companies can procure as many as fifty-nine crude, LNG and ethane vessels. The visit followed his meeting on November 16 with HD Hyundai Chairman Chung Ki-sun at the company's Global R&D Center in Seongnam. The delegation was briefed on HD Hyundai's ship design capabilities and smart shipyard operation systems. Discussions focused on how these technologies could support India's plans to expand its commercial fleet and strengthen domestic shipbuilding. HD Hyundai noted that India aims to increase its fleet from 1,500 to 2,500 vessels and invest USD 24 billion under the Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision, including USD 8 billion recently announced for fleet expansion. Earlier on November 17, the minister met senior executives from major Korean shipping companies: An Byung-gil of Korea Ocean Business Corporation, Kim Sung-ick of SK Shipping, Seo Myung-deuk of H‑Line Shipping, and Sung Je-yong of Pan Ocean. He stressed that energy and shipping are tightly linked to India's economic growth. India's crude and gas imports, valued at more than USD 150 billion, move entirely by sea, yet only about 20 percent of this cargo is carried on Indian-flagged or Indian-owned vessels, the embassy said. The minister also met Kim Hee-cheul, President and CEO of Hanwha Ocean, in Seoul. According to the embassy, he encouraged the company to look at opportunities emerging in India's shipbuilding sector under the Make in India initiative and said Indian public-sector companies are ready to work with Korean partners on manufacturing LNG and crude carriers. 2025-11-17 17:38:08

Korean stocks kept up buoyance amid broad Asian listlessness SEOUL, November 17 (AJP) - South Korean shares climbed nearly 2 percent on Monday, sustaining momentum across otherwise listless Asian markets after Seoul and Washington finalized a bilateral trade deal that opened new business opportunities for shipbuilders, energy infrastructure firms and defense manufacturers. The KOSPI rose 1.9 percent to 4,089.25, while the small-cap KOSDAQ gained 0.5 percent to 902.67. Semiconductor stocks led the advance. Samsung Electronics rose 3.5 percent to 100,600 won ($69), and SK hynix jumped 8.2 percent to 606,000 won as investors welcomed their domestic investment commitments totaling 833 trillion won ($571 billion). Samsung pledged 450 trillion won in spending and 60,000 new hires over five years, while SK confirmed 128 trillion won in domestic investment. The Yongin semiconductor cluster alone may grow to 600 trillion won, with at least 14,000 to 20,000 jobs expected by 2029. Hyundai Motor Group announced 125 trillion won in local investments through 2030 and plans to hire 10,000 workers next year. LG Group laid out a 100 trillion won investment roadmap, while Hanwha said it would spend 11 trillion won in shipbuilding and defense. HD Hyundai and Celltrion plan to invest 15 trillion won and 4 trillion won, respectively. Food stocks also posted strong rallies. Samyang Foods gained 4.9 percent to 1,385,000 won, while Nongshim surged 9.4 percent to 462,000 won. Samyang said its third-quarter operating profit climbed 50 percent on-year to 131 billion won, with sales up 44 percent to 632 billion won on robust exports to the United States and China. IBK Investment & Securities raised its target price to 1.75 million won, and Yuanta Securities set it at 2 million won. Nongshim reported third-quarter revenue of 871.2 billion won, up 2.4 percent, while operating profit rose 44.7 percent to 54.4 billion won, driven by overseas demand. Revenue from foreign subsidiaries increased 14.4 percent to 266.1 billion won, offsetting a slight domestic decline. Analysts noted that references to Nongshim-like snacks and noodles in the new K-pop film K-Pop Demon Hunters further lifted investor sentiment. Brokerages raised their targets across the board: NH Investment & Securities to 560,000 won, Korea Investment & Securities to 600,000 won, Shinhan to 570,000 won, Samsung Securities to 509,000 won and Daishin to 520,000 won. NH analyst Joo Young-hoon highlighted double-digit revenue growth in China, Japan and Australia, adding that improving U.S. sales may support a fourth-quarter rebound. Elsewhere in Asia, the Nikkei 225 slipped 0.1 percent to 50,323.91. Shares tied to tourism and Chinese consumer spending fell sharply as tensions between China and Japan escalated. Shiseido plunged as much as 11 percent intraday, while Pan Pacific International Holdings — operator of Don Quijote stores — dropped nearly 10 percent, according to Bloomberg. Daishin Securities analysts Moon Nam-jung and Moon Gun-woo said Chinese travelers accounted for more than 21 percent of Japan’s foreign tourism spending last year, warning that continued tensions could weigh on sentiment toward Japan’s economy and equity market. Concerns about tariff-driven inflation and fading expectations of a near-term U.S. rate cut also pressured Tokyo shares. As of Sunday U.S. time, CME FedWatch data showed traders pricing in a 55.6 percent chance the Federal Reserve will hold rates steady in December, compared with a 44.4 percent chance of a cut — a sharp shift from last month, when markets assigned a 90 percent probability to a cut. Shanghai’s benchmark index fell 0.5 percent to 3,972.03, while Hong Kong’s Hang Seng Index declined 0.8 percent to 26,354.42. As in Japan, Chinese shares were weighed down by rising friction between Beijing and Tokyo, with analysts adding that the pullback also reflects profit-taking after Chinese stocks gained nearly 20 percent earlier this year. 2025-11-17 17:37:04

South Korea proposes military talks with North to set clear demarcation line SEOUL, November 17 (AJP) - South Korea’s Ministry of National Defense has formally proposed talks with North Korea to establish a clear baseline for the Military Demarcation Line (MDL), in what would be the first military dialogue between the two sides since 2018. Kim Hong-chul, director of the ministry’s Defense Policy Office, said Monday that North Korean troops have repeatedly crossed the MDL while constructing tactical roads, laying fences and planting mines inside the Demilitarized Zone. The activity, he warned, has heightened tensions and increased the risk of unintended clashes. “This situation raises the possibility of accidental military conflict,” Kim said, urging the North to accept talks aimed at reducing tensions and preventing miscalculations. Seoul has proposed that the discussions take place through the inter-Korean liaison channel at Panmunjeom, with the timing and precise format to be arranged if Pyongyang agrees. Kim noted that the current disputes over the boundary stem from the deterioration and loss of many original MDL markers installed after the 1953 armistice, leaving both sides with differing views of the line’s exact location. A defense ministry official said the markers were placed under the supervision of the Military Armistice Commission in August 1953, but maintenance effectively ceased in 1973 after North Korean forces opened fire on UN Command personnel performing repairs. * This article, published by Aju Business Daily, was translated by AI and edited by AJP. 2025-11-17 17:35:21

South Korea flags 210 suspicious foreign housing deals, plans crackdown SEOUL, November 17 (AJP) - The South Korean government said on Monday it had uncovered more than 200 suspicious housing transactions involving foreign nationals over the past year. According to the Real Estate Supervision Task Force, operating under the Prime Minister’s Office, a review of 438 housing transactions involving foreigners between June 2024 and May 2025 found that nearly half — 47.9 percent — showed signs of illegality or regulatory breaches. Officials plan to expand the probe to include non-residential properties and land transactions by the end of the year. Of the 210 flagged cases, authorities said 162 involved false reporting of transaction amounts or dates. Investigators also identified 58 instances of illegal fund transfers and loan misuses. The task force said it would refer the cases to the Ministry of Justice, the National Tax Service and other agencies for further action. Under South Korean law, unauthorized commercial activity by foreign buyers can draw penalties of up to three years in prison or fines of up to 30 million won. Tax authorities will also investigate the suspected cases and plan to impose back taxes if necessary. "The violations by foreign nationals pose risks to the country’s housing market, which has experienced volatility in recent years," said Kim Kyu-chul, director general at the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. “We will continue efforts to maintain market order by eradicating illegal practices in foreign real estate transactions." * This article, published by Aju Business Daily, was translated by AI and edited by AJP. 2025-11-17 17:13:31

Korea weighs standardized vet fees to address runaway inflation in pet care SEOUL, November 17 (AJP) - Three out of ten Korean households now own a pet, and the government is considering a standardized payment system for veterinary care to address soaring medical costs and widening price disparities. The move follows mounting public frustration over bills that vary dramatically by clinic and location. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), the cost of a first-time checkup for a 5-kilogram pet ranges from as low as 1,000 won ($0.69) to as high as 65,000 won. With no standardized fee schedule and all services priced independently, the same treatment can cost several times more at clinics in affluent districts. "I took my cat to a vet in Gangnam after it swallowed a thread. An MRI scan to locate it and the removal procedure cost 1.5 million won, which was almost half my monthly salary. It's insane," said Park Jae-wook, a 29-year-old Seoul resident. Rising medical bills have become a growing financial burden and a leading factor behind pet abandonment. A 2024 report by the KB Financial Group Research Institute found that pet-owning households spent an average of 194,000 won per month on pet care, or about 2.1 million won annually — nearly equivalent to one month of minimum-wage earnings. Spending patterns are becoming increasingly polarized, with the share of households spending less than 50,000 won a month rising from 9.2 percent in 2021 to 18.8 percent in 2024, while those spending more than 250,000 won grew from 14.2 percent to 20.6 percent. Private pet insurance has failed to ease the burden. Although 89 percent of pet owners are aware of insurance products, only 11.9 percent carry coverage due to high premiums and limited benefits. Owners surveyed in 2023 cited cost as the biggest barrier, followed by restrictive reimbursement terms. MAFRA plans to develop a feasible payment model by the second half of next year after consultations with veterinary groups and industry officials. But with no public insurance system for animals and wide differences in clinic size, equipment, and staffing, officials acknowledge that introducing mandatory standardized fees would be difficult to enforce. The Korean Veterinary Medical Association has opposed the plan, calling it "excessive" and impractical given the cost differences across clinics. The association warned that fixed prices could undermine service quality and limit investment in medical equipment. A senior official at MAFRA's Companion Animal Industry and Animal Health Care System division said the government is considering applying standardized fees only at designated public veterinary hospitals that treat vulnerable households or abandoned animals. The official added that introducing a nationwide public insurance system for pets would require broad public support, which remains uncertain since only about a quarter of Koreans own pets. As of the end of 2024, the number of pet owners stood at 15.46 million, or 29.9 percent of the population. Pet-owning households numbered 5.91 million, accounting for 28.6 percent of all households, a ratio that has remained near the 30-percent level for the past five years despite a declining population. By age group, pet ownership was highest among people in their 50s at 23.17 percent, followed by those in their 30s at 22.01 percent and 40s at 21.88 percent. Only 9.91 percent of pet owners were in their 20s, contradicting the belief that younger generations are replacing children with pets amid falling birthrates. 2025-11-17 16:46:11

Buldak dominates global hot-sauce shelves and fuels top line for Korean ramen maker SEOUL, November 17 (AJP) - The Chinese have numbing-hot “mala,” the Mexicans have smoky “salsa,” and the Thai have sweet-spicy “sriracha.” But the enduring winner in the global chili-sauce canon is South Korea’s “buldak” — a magical blend of concentrated sweetness and addictive burn that has pushed its maker, Samyang Foods, to the top of the KOSPI’s food sector and made the stock almost unreachable for ordinary investors. The global phenomenon of Buldak Bokkeum Myun — Samyang’s iconic “Hot Chicken Flavor Ramen” — remains unstoppable, and so does its stock. Samyang Foods jumped 5 percent to 1,385,000 won ($1,010) on Monday after reporting stronger-than-expected third-quarter earnings. Its ramen rival Nongshim, which gained 9 percent, still trades at one-third of Samyang’s valuation at 462,000 won. “I first tried Buldak back in 2015, and I still remember that shock of heat,” said Lee Yurim (31), an office worker in Seoul. “There was nothing like it back then. The flavor was so intense it hurt, but it was delicious. Ten years later, no other spicy noodle has come close. It’s that specific, fiery yet savory taste that keeps me coming back.” That same fire has now fueled Samyang Foods’ highest-ever quarterly earnings. The company posted 632 billion won ($460 million) in consolidated third-quarter sales, up 44 percent from a year earlier, and 131 billion won ($96 million) in operating profit — a 50 percent jump. Cumulative operating profit for the first nine months reached 385 billion won ($281 million), already surpassing last year’s total of 345 billion won. Overseas demand remains just as hot. Exports soared 50 percent to 510 billion won, accounting for 81 percent of total revenue, the highest share on record. Sales in the United States rose 59 percent to $112 million, while China logged a 56 percent increase to 951 million yuan ($131 million). Heartfelt response from the company to its sudden rise and fame also helped to sustain the brand's overseas popularity. “We’ve never started with marketing first,” the official said. “However, when something goes viral overseas, our marketing team reacts quickly and engages sincerely. For example, when a U.S. girl named Adalynn went viral on TikTok after crying with joy over receiving Buldak for her birthday, our team visited her home in a Buldak truck loaded with a year’s worth of Carbonara Buldak and threw her a surprise party.” The company also addressed the Denmark recall incident earlier this year, where regulators temporarily banned extra-spicy varieties over capsaicin concerns. “That wasn’t a marketing event — it became one naturally,” the official said. “After discussions with Danish authorities and Korea’s food regulator, the products were cleared and sales resumed. We view these moments as opportunities to communicate transparently and show that we take safety seriously.” Emotions aside, brokerages were eager to upgrade the stock. Yuanta Securities raised its target price for Samyang to 2 million won from 1.78 million won, maintaining a “buy” rating. “Even with expanded production at the Miryang plant, inventory declined — meaning demand is outpacing supply,” said Son Hyun-jung, analyst at Yuanta. “From the fourth quarter, we will start to see the impact of U.S. price hikes and higher Miryang utilization. We forecast 2025 revenue at 2.36 trillion won ($1.72 billion) and operating profit at 533 billion won ($389 million), up 37 and 55 percent year-on-year.” Korea Investment & Securities named Samyang its “top pick” in the food sector. “Samyang beat sales consensus by 6.6 percent despite tariff burdens,” said Kang Eun-ji, analyst at Korea Investment. “Tariff impacts will gradually ease through U.S. price adjustments, and American demand remains solid even after recent price increases.” She added that China sales climbed 60 percent to 189 billion won ($136 million), offsetting tariff pressure. At the core of the phenomenon is Buldak’s flavor formula — a calibrated mix of capsaicin heat, sweetness, and umami refined through years of in-house R&D. Although Samyang declined to disclose details, citing trade secrets, the company’s success lies in how the product balances pain and pleasure. The glossy, stir-fried texture and layered flavor made it ideal for the social-media era, fueling viral “spice-challenge” videos across TikTok and YouTube — with celebrity fans from British YouTuber Korean Englishman to rapper Cardi B. On whether the company had faced any supply bottlenecks amid the surging demand, the Samyang official said there were “brief moments earlier this year when orders piled up faster than production could keep pace.” “At the start of this year, we did experience some supply delays as demand spiked,” the official said. “We currently operate three factories in Korea — in Miryang, Iksan, and Wonju — with Miryang having two plants dedicated entirely to exports. We built the second Miryang plant anticipating continuous growth, but it quickly became clear that it might not be enough. So, about two to three months ago, we began constructing a new plant in Jiaxing, China, which will serve the domestic Chinese market by late 2026 or early 2027. This will free up Korean capacity for other global markets.” The brand’s explosive performance also coincides with a generational shift in leadership. Jeon Byung-woo, the 36-year-old third-generation heir, was promoted to Executive Director this month for driving Buldak’s international expansion and overseeing construction of the new Jiaxing, China factory. Jeon also led global marketing collaborations and product diversification, cementing Buldak’s place as a global megabrand. Analysts say Samyang has moved beyond simple volume growth toward structural transformation. “Strong sales despite expanded capacity show that global demand is still exceeding production,” said Son. “The company is now improving both sales efficiency and profitability.” With the Miryang No. 2 plant ramping up and the China factory set to begin operations in 2027, Samyang is poised to dominate ramen aisles — and hot-sauce shelves — worldwide for years to come. 2025-11-17 16:44:27

Hyundai Motor to provide Staria vehicles for G20 delegates in South Africa SEOUL, November 17 (AJP) - Hyundai Motor said Monday it will supply 30 Staria multi-purpose vehicles for the Group of 20 summit in Johannesburg, South Africa. The vehicles will be used to transport delegates during the Nov. 22-23 summit, which is expected to draw leaders from the G20 member nations as well as representatives from the European Union, African Union, United Nations, International Monetary Fund and World Bank. This year’s agenda centers on themes of solidarity, equality and sustainability. Hyundai Motor said it aims to use the event to highlight the Staria’s design, cabin space and safety technology. The company signed an agreement in early September with South Africa’s Department of International Relations and Cooperation to provide the fleet. “We are honored to support the first G20 summit on African soil,” Kim Il-beom, Hyundai’s vice president for global public operations, said in a statement. “We look forward to contributing to a successful event.” * This article, published by Aju Business Daily, was translated by AI and edited by AJP. 2025-11-17 16:09:15

Korea-U.S. MoU elevates trade partnership to co-development and related stocks in Seoul SEOUL, November 17 (AJP) - Korean shares in chipmaking, utilities, defense, energy infrastructure and shipbuilding climbed 1 to 5 percent on Monday, refueling the KOSPI's run while most Asian markets stayed lethargic on expectations of active cross-border ventures following a newly signed memorandum of understanding between Seoul and Washington that caps months of delayed talks on a broader trade and tariff deal. The electronically signed MoU positions South Korea not merely as a trading partner but as a core U.S. collaborator in industrial development. Under the agreement, Korea pledges roughly $350 billion in investments into the U.S. economy, including $150 billion dedicated to shipbuilding. The remaining $200 billion will be directed toward "commercially reasonable" strategic investments in critical U.S. sectors — energy, semiconductors, pharmaceuticals, critical minerals and artificial intelligence. In return, the United States will lower reciprocal tariffs on Korean exports, reducing the baseline rate from 25 percent to 15 percent as of Aug. 7. Shipbuilding at the center of the new partnership The shipbuilding component will channel Korean investment into modernizing America's shipbuilding base — from U.S. shipyard upgrades to workforce development. Both nations will operate a working group to coordinate maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO), workforce training, and supply-chain resilience efforts. The MoU states that the partnership will increase the number of both U.S. commercial ships and combat-ready military vessels, including the potential construction of U.S. ships in Korea. In practice, cooperation is already underway. Hanwha Ocean became the first Korean shipbuilder to secure a U.S. Navy maintenance contract and has taken part in multiple repair projects, including for the dry cargo ship Charles Drew, scheduled for completion by January. Its $100 million acquisition of Philly Shipyard last year has become a symbolic flagship of the "Make American Shipbuilding Great Again" initiative. HD Hyundai Heavy Industries won a maintenance contract in August for the 41,000-ton USNS Alan Shepard and is preparing to merge with HD Hyundai Mipo by Dec. 1 to boost operational flexibility. Mipo was acquired in 2002 but maintained separately until now. Korean shipbuilders form the backbone of the deal due to their global track record. "Korean shipbuilders' combined orders are expected to reach $38.8 billion next year, up 10 percent from this year, driven by LNG carriers, tankers and special-purpose vessels," said Jung Yeon-seung, analyst at NH Investment & Securities. He added that rising global demand for warships could extend earnings momentum beyond 2028 if Korean yards secure major naval programs. Nuclear-powered submarine pathway opens In a significant show of confidence, Washington publicly endorsed Korea's plan to build nuclear-powered attack submarines and committed to working closely with Seoul on fuel sourcing and other requirements. While former President Donald Trump initially claimed the submarine would be delivered from Hanwha's Philadelphia Shipyard, industry officials say construction would likely be led in Korea, though details remain under review. Hanwha Ocean is Korea's most experienced submarine builder, having developed diesel-electric technology through the KSS series — from Changbogo-class vessels to the Changbogo-III Batch-I and Batch-II. Its 3,600-ton Jang Young-sil, launched in October and set for Navy delivery by late 2027, features a design that allows conversion to nuclear propulsion. HD Hyundai Heavy Industries has also secured successive orders for six Changbogo-II vessels and one Changbogo-III Batch-I submarine. It recently signed an MoU with Peru for joint development of next-generation submarines. Nuclear-powered submarines can stay submerged for months without refueling — a vast leap from diesel submarines that must surface every two to three days — effectively categorizing them as strategic underwater assets. During visits to both Hanwha and HD Hyundai facilities in Geoje and Ulsan on Nov. 15, U.S. Navy Chief Adm. Daryl Caudle underscored the strategic implications. "As they say in the movie Spider-Man, with great power comes great responsibility," Caudle said. "There will be a responsibility for Korea to deploy those submarines globally and move away from being just a regional navy." He added that Washington expects South Korea to play a prominent role in strengthening American shipbuilding capacity. The United States also explicitly backed Korea's path toward civil uranium enrichment and spent-fuel reprocessing for peaceful purposes, provided Seoul adheres to the bilateral 123 agreement and relevant U.S. legal requirements. 2025-11-17 15:50:14