Journalist

Lee Jung-woo, Kim Yeon-jae
  • S. Korea claims North Korean economy on recovery
    S. Korea claims North Korean economy on recovery SEOUL, April 15 (AJP) - South Korea’s Unification Ministry said Wednesday that North Korea’s economy is entering a gradual recovery phase in line with closer ties and trade activities with Russia and China. The ministry cited deepening “alliance-level” ties between Pyongyang and Moscow — including cooperation in advanced weapons and technology — alongside increased exchange with China, as key drivers supporting the country’s economic stabilization. The assessment was included in a report submitted to the National Assembly’s Foreign Affairs and Unification Committee as part of a new 2026–2030 inter-Korean relations plan that signals a shift in Seoul’s policy and departure from the former and impeached president President Yoon Suk Yeol. The new pivot under the Lee Jae Myung administration focused on peaceful coexistence, economic cooperation, and a denuclearized Korean Peninsula, while rejecting absorption-based unification and hostile actions. The report delivers a pointed critique of Yoon’s North Korea policy, which offered large-scale economic aid in exchange for denuclearization, as impractical for requiring Pyongyang to act first. The Unification Ministry said past hardline policy increased security instability, weakened the foundation for inter-Korean cooperation, and entrenched confrontational dynamics. It added that detailed annual implementation plans will be developed under the new framework. 2026-04-15 17:56:05
  • Seoul-born, 1955: two women set to anchor U.S.-Korea diplomacy
    Seoul-born, 1955: two women set to anchor U.S.-Korea diplomacy SEOUL, April 14 (AJP) - Two women born in the same year, in the same city — Seoul in 1955 — are poised to represent Washington and Seoul in each other’s capitals, an unlikely symmetry that underscores the increasingly transnational nature of modern diplomacy. The White House on Monday (local time) nominated Michelle Steel, a former California congresswoman, as ambassador to South Korea, formally requesting Senate confirmation. If confirmed, Steel would return to her birthplace as Washington’s top envoy. Her counterpart, Kang Kyung-wha, has been serving as South Korea’s ambassador to the United States since December. Kang is President Lee Jae Myung’s first envoy to Washington, while Steel is Donald Trump’s first pick for Seoul in his second term after leaving the post vacant for more than a year. The overlap is more than anecdotal. Both women were born into a Korea emerging from the devastation of the 1950–53 war. Decades later, they return to the same alliance — now as its diplomatic stewards — armed with careers built across borders rather than within the confines of traditional state bureaucracies. Neither followed the conventional path of elite foreign service grooming. Steel, a Korean American politician whose Korean name is Park Eun-joo, emigrated to the United States in her 20s and climbed through local and state politics in California before serving two terms in Congress from 2021 to 2025. Kang began in English-language broadcasting in Seoul before moving into international organizations and later the foreign ministry, rising to become South Korea’s first female chief in 2017. Their appointments also mark a milestone for gender representation. Kang broke ground as South Korea’s first female foreign minister and later its first female ambassador to Washington. Steel, pending confirmation, would become the second Korean American to serve as U.S. ambassador to South Korea, following Sung Kim. Both embody transnational identities — but in different ways. Steel’s trajectory reflects the Korean diaspora experience. Having spent her youth in Korea and Japan, she built her political base within immigrant and Asian American communities in the United States. The 1992 Los Angeles riots served as a turning point, shaping her political awakening and eventual entry into public service. Kang’s path, while rooted in South Korea, is no less global. She spent decades within the United Nations system, including as deputy high commissioner for human rights, operating at the intersection of global governance, diplomacy and humanitarian affairs. Both bring bicultural fluency — linguistic, cultural and political — to the alliance. Steel speaks Korean, English and Japanese, while Kang is widely recognized for her command of English and her experience navigating multilateral diplomacy. That is where the symmetry ends. Steel is a political appointee shaped by partisan U.S. politics. A Republican aligned with former President Trump, she has taken conservative positions on security, trade and China, advocating a tougher stance on North Korea and human rights. Her nomination reflects not only her heritage and language skills, but also her political network and access to Trump’s inner circle. Kang, by contrast, represents a hybrid model — a career diplomat with political experience at the highest level. As foreign minister from 2017 to 2021 under President Moon Jae-in, she was at the center of a volatile period of summit diplomacy involving North Korea and the United States. Her approach has been defined less by ideology than by multilateral engagement, particularly in human rights and international cooperation. The contrast is not merely biographical. It could shape how each side approaches core issues — from North Korea policy to alliance burden-sharing and the broader Indo-Pacific strategy. Steel’s nomination also comes at a delicate moment. The U.S. ambassadorial post in Seoul has remained vacant for more than a year following the departure of Philip Goldberg, raising concerns about gaps in alliance coordination at a time of mounting geopolitical strain. Acting envoys have cycled through the role as tensions surrounding North Korea’s nuclear program and regional security architecture continue to intensify. Steel’s confirmation, once secured, is expected to restore a measure of stability to diplomatic channels and reinforce coordination with Seoul. South Korea’s presidential office struck a cautious but positive tone, expressing expectations that Steel would help strengthen bilateral ties and deepen people-to-people exchanges. Steel must pass a Senate confirmation hearing and secure approval — a procedure that typically takes several months — before formally assuming her post. 2026-04-14 17:38:42
  • Moral stance, strategic risk: Lees remarks test Koreas diplomatic balance
    Moral stance, strategic risk: Lee's remarks test Korea's diplomatic balance SEOUL, April 13 (AJP) - South Korea’s entry into the widening global debate over the Middle East conflict has exposed the delicate balance between values-based diplomacy and strategic restraint, after President Lee Jae Myung’s remarks on civilian casualties triggered an unusually sharp backlash from Israel. Over 1,700 civilians, including 254 children, were reported killed in Iran before the ceasefire, while more than 600 were killed in Israeli air raids in Lebanon, according to local authorities and media reports. Lee’s decision to join international condemnation of civilian casualties — framed in universal human rights terms — appeared to have strained ties with Israel, a country with which South Korea has maintained historically close relations. The episode comes at a time of intensifying global scrutiny over Israel’s military campaign and rising instability across the Middle East, complicating the diplomatic calculus for middle powers like South Korea. Israel’s role in the evolving regional dynamics has added further complexity. While a ceasefire between the United States and Iran was reached over the weekend, Israel was not directly involved in the negotiations. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu made no reference to the agreement in a public address, even as he faces growing domestic criticism over his handling of the situation. Despite the ceasefire, Israeli forces have continued military operations in southern Lebanon, according to Lebanese state media, drawing accusations from Iran that Israel is undermining de-escalation efforts. The developments have prompted diplomatic pressure from Washington, with U.S. officials urging Israel to exercise restraint. In a sign of cautious engagement, Israeli and Lebanese ambassadors to the United States are expected to hold rare direct talks in Washington. The human toll of the broader conflict has continued to mount. In Lebanon, more than 2,000 people have been killed in recent fighting between Israel and Hezbollah, while casualties have also been reported in Gulf states and Israel itself. The United States has confirmed the deaths of 13 service members in the course of the conflict. European leaders have stepped up criticism of Israel’s military actions as the conflict has widened. Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has been among the most outspoken, describing the situation in Gaza as a “catastrophic situation of genocide” and urging the European Union to suspend its cooperation agreement with Israel. He also warned against what he called reckless escalation, saying global leaders must not be “playing Russian roulette with the destiny of millions.” Other European leaders have echoed similar concerns, warning that a major ground offensive could have devastating humanitarian consequences and urging immediate de-escalation and renewed diplomatic engagement. Discussions within the European Union have also expanded to potential reviews of arms exports and trade relations, signaling a gradual shift from previously unified political support. Tensions have further intensified following the escalation between Israel and Iran earlier this year. Coordinated U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iranian nuclear and military facilities prompted retaliatory missile and drone attacks by Iran, raising fears of a broader regional war. Although a tentative ceasefire between Washington and Tehran was reached in April, clashes involving Israel and Iran-backed groups, including Hezbollah, have continued, underscoring the fragility of the situation. Against this backdrop, Lee posted a message on X (formerly Twitter) on Friday, writing: “National sovereignty and universal human rights must be respected, and wars of aggression must be denied — this is both the spirit of our Constitution and international common sense.” “Just as my life and property are precious, so are those of others. Respect is reciprocated,” he added. While Lee did not explicitly reference a specific incident, his remarks were widely interpreted as a response to controversy surrounding a video he had shared earlier, which allegedly showed Israeli Defense Forces mishandling bodies in a war context. The video, later clarified to have been filmed in September 2024, triggered accusations of misinformation and a diplomatic backlash from Israel. What might have remained a minor misstep quickly escalated into a broader diplomatic dispute, touching on domestic political divisions, diplomatic protocol, and questions about South Korea’s role on the global stage. A diplomatic breach — or a new normal? Israel’s Foreign Ministry responded unusually sharply, publicly condemning Lee’s remarks and accusing him of trivializing the Holocaust — a move that broke with conventional diplomatic practice, where such disputes are typically handled through private channels. South Korean lawmakers from the ruling Democratic Party of Korea pushed back. Rep. Hong Ki-won, a former diplomat, said dissatisfaction with a foreign leader should be conveyed privately, adding that public condemnation by a foreign ministry was “highly inappropriate.” Rep. Kim Young-bae also defended Lee, saying his remarks were not directed at any specific country but reflected universal principles of human rights embedded in international law. He criticized Israel for escalating the issue through a formal statement. Opposition lawmakers offered a starkly different view. Members of the conservative People Power Party accused Lee of undermining national interests through “impulsive remarks” that complicate diplomacy. “Even after facts emerged, the president escalated tensions rather than resolving them,” said Foreign Affairs Committee Chair Kim Seok-ki. The risks of moral diplomacy For some observers, Lee’s comments reflect an attempt to position South Korea as a principled middle power willing to speak out on global issues. Cho Kuk, leader of the Rebuilding Korea Party, defended the president’s stance as both morally justified and strategically meaningful. “It is valid from the perspective of international human rights law and meaningful in terms of national interest within cold geopolitical realities,” he said. Yet critics argue such moral positioning carries strategic costs. Yossi Shain, an Israeli politician and former member of the Knesset, framed the issue in security terms, noting parallels between Israel’s threats from Hezbollah and Iran and South Korea’s confrontation with North Korea. “Telling Israel not to defend itself is like telling Korea not to defend itself against North Korea,” he said. Another layer of the controversy highlights the role of misinformation in shaping political discourse. Paul Franks, a professor at Yale University, criticized the president’s reliance on what he described as misleading online content. “This exemplifies the trend of public figures failing to do their homework and being taken in by internet misinformation,” he said. “If they are fooled, what chance does the ordinary person have?” Franks also took issue with Lee’s invocation of the Holocaust, stressing that it was not merely a war crime but “the industrialization of genocide.” Edieal Pinker, another Yale professor, suggested political incentives may also be at play. “There is no short-term cost to governments from criticizing Israel,” he said, noting that such positions can be politically expedient despite potential long-term diplomatic consequences. Beyond the immediate fallout, the episode reflects broader global trends of polarization and fragmentation. Elad Segev, a communication scholar at Tel Aviv University, pointed to the destabilizing effects of rapid technological, social and political change, arguing that such conditions create fertile ground for polarization and misinformation, amplified by social media. For South Korea, the controversy raises fundamental questions about its role on the global stage: whether to remain a cautious actor focused on regional stability and alliance management, or to adopt a more vocal stance on global values despite the risk of diplomatic friction. Even European powers are grappling with similar dilemmas, balancing human rights concerns with strategic and security interests. The Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Seoul said human rights violations by Israel, particularly against Palestinians, have become “systematic and ongoing,” calling for an immediate end to such practices and greater international accountability. The Israeli Embassy in Seoul said it had no specific comment regarding Lee’s remarks. 2026-04-13 18:04:31
  • A Korean love story, made in Nigeria: The new face of Korea–Africa relations
    A Korean love story, made in Nigeria: The new face of Korea–Africa relations SEOUL, April 10 (AJP) - A poor but spirited girl, who by chance ends up attending a private high school for elite students, falls in love with a wealthy fellow student. It sounds like the plot of a Korean drama, but this is in fact the storyline of the Nigerian film My Sunshine – Korean Naija. Directed by Nigerian rapper and television producer JJC Skillz, it was written by actress Kemi Ikuseedun who also plays the protagonist Charis. The setting is the Korean-language school that Charis attends. On her first day, the principal praises Korean as "the best language in the world." Korean phrases such as ajik hangug-eo jalhaeyo (I’m still good at Korean) and jinjja jalsaenggyeosseo, eotteokhae (He is so cute—oh my God) appear continuously throughout the film's 1-hour-15-minute runtime. The film drew 609,000 views within nine days of its release on YouTube in late 2024 and has since surpassed 1.4 million views as of Friday. Such interest would have been difficult to imagine even a decade ago. The numbers point to South Korea's presence in Africa as no longer defined solely by trade or diplomacy, but increasingly by culture. "K-content should be seen not merely as a cultural phenomenon, but also as a form of soft infrastructure that lowers barriers to market entry," said Choi Doo-young, a professor at the Graduate School of International and Area Studies at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. The Cultural Entry Point The rise of My Sunshine – Korean Naija illustrates how Korean narratives have become locally adaptable. In Nigeria, one of the world's largest film industries, Korean storytelling conventions have been absorbed, reinterpreted, and re-exported in a distinctly African context. This is not simply imitation. It reflects a deeper cultural alignment. Across parts of Africa, K-pop and K-dramas have built a following among younger audiences, creating familiarity with Korean language, aesthetics, and social norms. That familiarity carries economic implications. Cultural affinity often translates into consumer behavior: demand for Korean cosmetics, electronics, food, and digital services. In this sense, culture is not an accessory to economic engagement—it is a precursor. Kim Sung-soo, director of the Institute for Euro-African Studies (IEAS) at Hanyang University, argues that Korea's cultural reach gives it a unique advantage over competitors. "In Africa, people see Korea as a country that was once colonized and poor but has achieved remarkable success. That creates emotional resonance," Kim said. A Different Model from China For years, Africa's external partnerships have been dominated by China, whose influence is visible in large-scale infrastructure projects across the continent. But that model has increasingly come under scrutiny. "Most Chinese assistance is effectively tied aid," Kim said. "It often comes in the form of loans, with Chinese companies, materials, and labor brought in. As a result, local markets do not develop." The critique is not that infrastructure is unnecessary. The concern is that such projects can leave behind debt without fostering sustainable local industries. Korea's approach, by contrast, is emerging as more integrated and potentially more sustainable. Rather than focusing narrowly on construction, Korean engagement increasingly combines industrial development, technology transfer, and human capital formation. "Korea's economic engagement with Africa is now evolving beyond the simple securing of raw materials," Choi said. "It is increasingly taking the form of a more integrated model that brings together industry, technology, and institutions." Digital Leapfrogging One of the clearest areas of alignment between Korea and Africa is digital transformation. Unlike industrialized economies, many African countries are not constrained by legacy systems. This allows them to leapfrog directly into digital governance, mobile finance, and platform-based economies. "Africa is actively pursuing digital innovation," Kim noted. "In this area, Korean technology remains more advanced than China's." Korea's experience in building e-government systems, customs platforms, and digital infrastructure makes it a natural partner. These systems not only improve administrative efficiency but also create the institutional foundation for private-sector growth. Companies like Samsung and LG are already participating in the development of smart cities and digital communities across the continent, embedding Korean technology into everyday life. Green Growth and Shared Challenges Climate change represents another area of convergence. Africa contributes less than 4 percent of global carbon emissions but bears a disproportionate share of the consequences, from droughts to floods and displacement. This has pushed many governments toward green growth strategies, emphasizing renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, and climate resilience. Korea, with its strong base in green technology and renewable energy firms, is well positioned to contribute. According to Kim, the country has more than 80,000 companies in environmentally related sectors. Initiatives such as the K-Ricebelt Project, introducing improved rice varieties and smart farming techniques, demonstrate how this cooperation can address both food security and environmental sustainability. From Resources to Value Chains As global supply chains shift, Africa's importance to Korea is also growing. The continent holds significant reserves of critical minerals such as cobalt, lithium, nickel, and graphite, which are essential for batteries, semiconductors, and renewable energy systems. Securing access to these resources is becoming a strategic priority for Korea. But the Korean model, Choi argues, is not limited to extraction. "The strength lies in building cooperation across the value chain, including refining, processing, and technology transfer," he said. This approach aligns with Africa's own development goals, which increasingly emphasize industrialization and local value addition rather than raw material exports. The Role of Startups Beyond large corporations, startups are emerging as a critical bridge between Korea and Africa. Africa's startup ecosystems, from fintech in Nigeria and Kenya to climate tech across the continent, are expanding rapidly. At the same time, Korean startups face barriers in entering mature markets such as the United States and Europe. "Africa is a land of opportunity for Korean startups," Kim said, pointing to the growing number of startup conventions across the continent. Collaboration in areas such as digital platforms, smart agriculture, and renewable energy could create mutually beneficial ecosystems, linking Korean innovation with African demand. Culture as Strategy The success of My Sunshine – Korean Naija ultimately reveals something fundamental: culture is no longer peripheral to geopolitics. It is central to it. Korea's engagement with Africa is not built on overwhelming financial power. As Kim acknowledged, "We cannot compete with China's capital." Instead, it rests on a different set of assets: cultural familiarity, shared historical experiences, technological capability, and a development model that many African countries find relatable. In a global landscape shaped by competition among major powers, this combination may offer Africa a distinct alternative. "Economic cooperation between Korea and Africa should not be viewed as an extension of aid, but rather as a partnership for joint industrialization," Choi said. And if a Nigerian high school romance conducted partly in Korean can capture the imagination of so many, it suggests that this partnership is already taking root, not in conference rooms, but in culture. 2026-04-10 17:27:56
  • Seoul seeks clarity on Hormuz terms as fee risks grow
    Seoul seeks clarity on Hormuz terms as fee risks grow SEOUL, April 09 (AJP) - Seoul is bracing for the inevitability — payments to transit the Strait of Hormuz — expected to push up fuel prices by about 0.5 percent, as it seeks clarity from Tehran while exploring alternative routes to secure Middle East energy supplies. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs said Thursday that a call between Foreign Minister Cho Hyun and Abbas Araghchi is being arranged and could take place as early as later in the day. The talks are expected to focus on the terms for navigating the Strait of Hormuz, where Iran has indicated that traffic during the two-week ceasefire will be overseen by its armed forces. According to foreign reports and data from S&P Global Market Intelligence, only four vessels were allowed to pass through the waterway on Wednesday, sharply down from more than 100 per day before the conflict. Iran is said to be requiring ships to pre-arrange transit terms and settle fees in cryptocurrency or Chinese yuan, though such conditions have not been officially confirmed. Cho is expected to seek clarification on reported requirements, including coordination with Iranian forces and unspecified “technical limitations.” Seoul is also expected to inquire whether potential measures such as transit fees or joint collection mechanisms mentioned by the United States have any concrete basis. Despite a ceasefire between Washington and Tehran, vessels remain stranded in the strategic waterway, including 26 South Korean ships. Officials say clearer conditions are needed before plans can be finalized to ensure safe passage. “We are prioritizing the safety of our vessels and crew while consulting with relevant countries,” a ministry spokesperson said, reiterating Seoul’s position that freedom of navigation must be guaranteed. The uncertainty comes amid broader questions over the U.S.-Iran ceasefire. U.S. President Donald Trump described the truce as a “total and complete victory” and suggested that most elements of a broader agreement had already been settled. However, key details remain unclear, including the handling of Iran’s enriched uranium and the exact terms for reopening the strait. Trump also indicated that China may have played a role in bringing Iran to the negotiating table, highlighting Beijing’s influence as a major buyer of Iranian oil. South Korea’s Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy estimated that if a transit fee of around $1 per barrel is introduced, global oil prices could rise by about 1 percent. Given that roughly half of domestic fuel prices consist of taxes, this would translate into an estimated 0.5 percent increase in consumer fuel costs. Officials cautioned that multiple variables remain, including whether Iran will impose such fees and how the international community would respond. There have been no confirmed requests for payment, and reports of alternative settlement methods such as cryptocurrency remain unverified. In the meantime, Seoul is exploring alternative supply routes and sources. Presidential Chief of Staff Kang Hoon-sik has arrived in Kazakhstan as part of an energy diplomacy mission and is scheduled to visit Oman and Saudi Arabia. 2026-04-09 17:38:43
  • North Korea tests cluster warhead on short-range ballistic missile, KCNA reports
    North Korea tests cluster warhead on short-range ballistic missile, KCNA reports SEOUL, April 09 (AJP) -North Korea has tested a cluster warhead mounted on a short-range ballistic missile, a weapon that has drawn renewed attention after Iran reportedly used similar munitions that challenged Israel’s air defense systems during the Middle East conflict. The move suggests Pyongyang may be seeking to enhance its strike capabilities by incorporating cluster payloads into its existing missile systems. According to the state-run Korean Central News Agency (KCNA), North Korea conducted a series of weapons tests from Monday to Wednesday, including the launch of a short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) equipped with a cluster-type warhead. The warhead was mounted on the Hwasong-11Ga, also known as KN-23, a tactical ballistic missile often compared to Russia’s Iskander system. KCNA said the test confirmed the missile’s ability to “completely devastate” a target area of about 6.5 to 7 hectares by dispersing high-density submunitions. The area is roughly equivalent to 10 soccer fields. The term “scatter warhead” used by North Korea refers to cluster munitions, which release multiple smaller explosives over a wide area. South Korea’s Joint Chiefs of Staff said North Korea launched multiple SRBMs from the Wonsan area on Wednesday. One missile, fired at around 8:50 a.m., flew about 240 kilometers before landing in waters near Al Island. Another, launched at approximately 2:20 p.m., traveled more than 700 kilometers and landed in international waters between Russia and Japan. South Korean analysts said one of the recent tests may be linked to an unidentified projectile launched on Tuesday that appeared to fail shortly after takeoff. North Korean leader Kim Jong-un was not reported to have attended the tests, and no related images were released. The tests were also not featured in domestic propaganda outlets such as Rodong Sinmun or Korean Central Broadcasting. North Korea has previously tested cluster-type warheads. In November 2022, it said it had conducted a similar test in response to the U.S.-South Korea joint air exercise “Vigilant Storm.” Cluster munitions are widely criticized for their indiscriminate impact and long-term risks to civilians. Submunitions can fail to detonate on impact, leaving behind unexploded ordnance. In 2008, more than 100 countries adopted the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM), which bans their use, production and transfer. However, several major military powers — including the United States, China, Russia and Israel — have not joined the treaty. Neither South Korea nor North Korea are signatories. The humanitarian impact of cluster munitions has been documented in past conflicts. During the 2006 Lebanon War, Israel reportedly used millions of submunitions, with a significant number failing to explode and causing civilian casualties in the years that followed. Cluster munitions, sometimes referred to as “steel rain,” remain in the arsenals of several countries despite ongoing international criticism. 2026-04-09 15:34:55
  • Seoul advised to seek risk-free energy sourcing at first NEAC meeting
    Seoul advised to seek risk-free energy sourcing at first NEAC meeting SEOUL, April 09 (AJP) -South Korean President Lee Jae Myung admitted Thursday that the escalating Middle East conflict will deliver near-term economic damage while forcing a longer-term overhaul of the country’s industrial and energy structure. Speaking at the first plenary session of the National Economic Advisory Council at Cheong Wa Dae, Lee said the crisis is unfolding on two fronts — an immediate energy supply disruption and a broader erosion of industrial competitiveness. “In the short term, the Middle East war is exerting considerable pressure on our economy,” Lee said. “In the long run, the time has come for a fundamental transformation of South Korea’s economic system.” The remarks came as uncertainty deepens around the Strait of Hormuz, a critical artery for global oil flows, with supply conditions remaining unstable despite a temporary ceasefire announcement by Donald Trump. Reports of renewed disruptions have underscored the fragility of any near-term normalization. Lee said the nature of the current crisis differs from past oil shocks, noting that infrastructure damage across parts of the region could prolong disruptions for years rather than months. He also pointed to unresolved nuclear tensions and the risk of unilateral military action as factors sustaining volatility. “Crises are inevitable in life and society,” he said. “Even today, there are reports of attacks despite a ceasefire. It is difficult to predict when this situation will be resolved.” The meeting — Lee’s first full session as chair since taking office — brought together around 50 participants, including Vice Chair Kim Sung-sik, Deputy Prime Minister Koo Yun-cheol and other senior officials and civilian advisors. Discussions focused on immediate response measures and longer-term structural reforms to strengthen economic resilience. Lee urged a coordinated policy response across time horizons, stressing that the current “window” created by the ceasefire should be treated as a critical opportunity to secure energy supplies. “If we prepare well, we can turn this crisis into an opportunity to build a new system for renewed growth,” he said. Policy discussions outlined a broad package of measures centered on energy security, industrial adaptation and market stabilization. In the near term, officials emphasized the need to maximize crude procurement during any reopening of Hormuz, including immediate deployment of tankers, while maintaining price controls such as fuel caps to stabilize domestic markets. Authorities are also considering adjustments to nuclear power plant maintenance schedules to maximize winter electricity generation. To cushion households, proposals included targeted fiscal support for energy costs, expanded supplementary budget allocations for small businesses, and even temporary public transport subsidies modeled on overseas cases. Over the medium to long term, the focus shifts to restructuring supply chains and reducing reliance on Middle Eastern crude. Options under review include diversifying import routes via Southeast Asia and Australia, enhancing refinery flexibility, and expanding overseas resource development into higher value-added partnerships. Park Won-joo, head of the macroeconomy team at the council, called for a more aggressive push into overseas resource development to secure alternative, lower-risk energy routes that bypass Middle East chokepoints. The discussions also highlighted the need for stronger policy coordination under a centralized presidential control tower, alongside more transparent and predictable regulatory frameworks to support private investment. Lee framed the crisis as a potential inflection point, drawing parallels to how Japan’s export restrictions helped catalyze South Korea’s materials and components sector. “The crisis can become a turning point,” he said, “to reorganize our energy supply chain and move toward a more proactive economic structure.” 2026-04-09 11:55:54
  • Africas moment, however fragile, opens opportunities for Korea
    Africa's moment, however fragile, opens opportunities for Korea SEOUL, April 08 (AJP) - Asia has long dominated as the global economy’s growth engine, but Africa may be emerging as a formidable contender. Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to outpace Asia this year. According to the International Monetary Fund, the region’s real GDP is expected to grow 4.5 percent in 2026, compared with Asia’s 4.1 percent. Some economies are expanding rapidly: Guinea is forecast to grow 10.5 percent, Uganda 7.6 percent and Ethiopia 7.1 percent. Capital is also taking notice. Flows jumped 75 percent in 2024 to a record $97 billion, with North African economies drawing particularly strong inflows. By contrast, foreign direct investment into Asia has stagnated, falling from $662 billion in 2022 to $605 billion in 2024. The overall picture points to a continent on the rise — increasingly central to the global economy amid shifting geopolitics and supply chains. Yet beneath the headline growth lies a more complex and uncertain reality. Africa’s recent momentum cannot be explained by a single factor. It reflects a mix of demographic change, policy experimentation, commodity cycles and technological adaptation. “Current fast growth in several African economies reflects a combination of structural and cyclical factors rather than a single model,” said Anthony Butler, a professor at the University of Cape Town. At a basic level, many African economies are benefiting from “catch-up growth,” starting from a low base and achieving rapid gains through capital accumulation, labor shifts and the adoption of existing technologies. Urbanization is also playing a key role. Rapidly expanding cities are driving demand for housing, transport, finance and retail, with growth increasingly supported by domestic consumption rather than exports alone. At the same time, technological “leapfrogging” is reshaping development. Mobile money, digital platforms and off-grid solar systems have expanded access to finance and electricity, often more efficiently than traditional infrastructure. These gains, however, are uneven. While some countries have diversified their growth engines, others remain heavily dependent on natural resources. In Guinea, bauxite exports are driving expansion. In Uganda, oil development is attracting investment. In Ethiopia, a state-led, infrastructure-focused model has delivered strong short- to medium-term growth. Historically, Butler noted, African growth has been tied to “oil, gas and mineral resources, together with agricultural commodities” — a pattern that remains volatile. Shifting external finance One of the most notable recent changes is in the composition of external finance. Foreign aid to sub-Saharan Africa has declined sharply, following sharp cuts by the United States. According to the OECD, assistance from advanced economies fell by as much as a quarter last year. China — once a major lender — has shifted from issuing new loans to recovering existing ones. Private investment has stepped into the gap. The surge in foreign direct investment reflects growing confidence in Africa’s long-term prospects, particularly in energy, infrastructure and manufacturing. North African economies such as Morocco and Tunisia have attracted significant inflows tied to industrial development and export-oriented production. Africa has also emerged as a “tariff refuge” in global manufacturing. Some Chinese firms have relocated production to African countries to benefit from trade preferences when exporting to the United States and Europe. But that advantage is already under pressure. Recent U.S. tariff policies, including a broad 10 percent baseline tariff, are eroding the competitiveness of such arrangements. The result is a shifting external environment where opportunities are expanding — but so are uncertainties. Structural constraints persist Despite visible dynamism, the underlying structure of many African economies has changed less than growth figures suggest. More than 90 percent of exports from sub-Saharan Africa remain unprocessed raw materials, according to Howard Stein, a professor at the University of Michigan. This reflects a deeply entrenched position at the lower end of the global value chain. “The continent…has found itself as the exporter of raw materials at the bottom of the international value chain,” Stein said. But commodity-driven growth generates limited employment and is highly sensitive to global price swings. When prices rise, economies expand; when they fall, growth slows or reverses, often triggering fiscal stress. These cycles are compounded by Africa’s position in the global financial system. African economies typically operate with “weak” or “junk” currencies, in Stein’s words, and must rely on hard currencies such as the U.S. dollar to finance imports and stabilize their economies. This creates structural dependence on external capital and limits policy autonomy. “The key characteristic of the global financial architecture is the hierarchy of currencies,” Stein said, noting that the dollar’s dominance confers advantages on the United States while constraining others. When external shocks hit, countries often face balance-of-payments crises, forcing them to seek IMF support — often tied to austerity measures that can undermine long-term growth. The result is a “vicious cycle” in which commodity dependence reinforces itself. Growth amid global uncertainty Even current growth projections come with caveats. Stein noted that IMF forecasts were made before escalating geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, including conflict involving Iran — developments that could disrupt oil markets and global stability. “Forecasts are even more problematic when you are in the middle of a war…with unknown implications,” he said. At the same time, shifting U.S. trade policy and broader geopolitical fragmentation are introducing new uncertainties that disproportionately affect regions like Africa, which remain closely tied to external markets and financial systems. In this context, short-term growth figures may obscure deeper vulnerabilities. Demographics: opportunity and risk If Africa’s present is shaped by structural constraints, its future may be defined by demographics. The continent’s population — currently about 20 percent of the global total — is expected to reach nearly 28 percent by 2050. “A young and rapidly growing population is expanding both the labor force and consumer markets,” said Edwin Muchapondwa, an economics professor at the University of Cape Town. In theory, this “demographic dividend” could support sustained growth. In practice, it depends on job creation — which has often lagged population growth. Urbanization is already transforming economies, fueling demand for services such as retail, transport and telecommunications. But without sufficient industrialization and employment, rapid population growth risks deepening inequality and social tension. Africa is set to become the world’s fastest-urbanizing region. According to the Economist Intelligence Unit, six cities — Cairo, Kinshasa, Lagos, Greater Johannesburg, Luanda and Dar es Salaam — are projected to exceed 10 million people by 2035. These urban centers are hubs of innovation, but also flashpoints for protests linked to corruption, taxation, unemployment and dissatisfaction with political leadership. By 2035, more than half of Africa’s population will live in cities, with the urban population approaching 1 billion, up from around 650 million in 2023. The continent is also expected to have 17 cities with populations above 5 million and around 100 exceeding 1 million. Addis Ababa is projected to grow fastest, followed by Kampala, Dar es Salaam and Abidjan. The EIU also highlights emerging “megalopolises,” including a 600km corridor along the West African coast from Abidjan to Lagos that could house more than 50 million people by 2035, alongside clusters in Egypt, South Africa, East Africa and North Africa. At the core of Africa’s economic debate is a central question: how to move from extraction to value creation. Governments are increasingly seeking to develop downstream industries — processing raw materials domestically rather than exporting them unrefined, and this is where Korea can define its role in the continent, according to experts. Africa holds significant reserves of minerals essential for electric vehicles, renewable energy and digital technologies – all crucial to power Korean Inc. Tanzania’s Kabanga nickel deposit, for example, is among the world’s largest undeveloped reserves. Experts advise South Korea to capitalize on this momentum, leveraging its experience in industrial transformation. The challenge is not simply extraction, but capturing value. “A major drive on the continent is to move beyond extraction,” Butler said, warning that without such efforts, Africa risks repeating patterns where external actors capture disproportionate gains. Achieving this shift will require improvements in infrastructure, governance and institutional capacity — areas where progress remains uneven. Unlike China, South Korea is often seen as a more adaptable model. Its rapid development was driven by export-led industrialization, strong state capacity, investment in education and close government-industry coordination. “The key lessons may be to build capable institutions, focus on exports, invest in skills, and pursue gradual industrial upgrading,” Butler said. However, he cautioned that African countries often lack the political cohesion and institutional depth that underpinned Korea’s experience. Simply replicating its model without adaptation could be counterproductive. “The most effective approach would be one that supports local capacity-building…engages African states as strategic partners,” said Bulelani Jili of Georgetown University. Geopolitical tensions are also opening space for new alliances. “There is the possibility for independently minded nations to generate new alliances,” Stein said, pointing to opportunities for cooperation that could help diversify and strengthen Africa’s industrial base. Africa’s growth story has long been cyclical — marked by optimism followed by setbacks driven by external shocks or internal constraints. Whether this time is different depends on whether growth can translate into structural transformation: moving up the value chain, building resilient institutions and creating inclusive systems. As Jili put it, the key question is not whether Africa will grow — but “what kind of growth is being produced, and who benefits from it.” 2026-04-08 16:48:20
  • Norths Kim makes a rare approving remark on Souths Lee
    North's Kim makes a rare approving remark on South's Lee SEOUL, April 07 (AJP) - North Korean leader Kim Jong-un on Monday made a rare approving remark about his South Korean counterpart, according to his sister Kim Yo-jong, who serves as vice department director of the Workers’ Party of Korea. Earlier in the day, South Korean President Lee Jae Myung expressed regret during a Cabinet meeting over a cross-border drone incident. Hours later, Kim Yo-jong said “our leader” viewed Lee’s response as stemming from an “honest and broad-minded” character. In a statement carried by the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA), Kim Yo-jong said Pyongyang regarded Lee as “wise” for directly expressing regret and pledging steps to prevent a recurrence. She added that Kim Jong-un had taken note of Lee’s response in a positive light. Pyongyang nevertheless warned against any provocative acts and ruled out any immediate effort to resume inter-Korean contact. 2026-04-07 15:24:06
  • Trump sets Hormuz deadline, singles out South Korea over Iran war support
    Trump sets Hormuz deadline, singles out South Korea over Iran war support SEOUL, April 07 (AJP)-U.S. President Donald Trump on Monday reiterated a deadline for Iran to reopen the Strait of Hormuz by 8 p.m. Tuesday, warning of military action while again singling out South Korea, saying Washington had received little help from its allies. “The entire country can be taken out in one night, and that night might be tomorrow night,” Trump said at a White House press briefing, as he pressed Tehran to accept a deal to restore oil transit. Iran, however, rejected a temporary cease-fire proposal tied to reopening the Strait of Hormuz, with state media saying Tehran would not trade access to the waterway for a short-term truce and instead demanded a permanent end to the war and broader concessions. At the same briefing, he broadened his criticism beyond Iran to U.S. allies. “It’s not just NATO… Do you know who else didn’t help us? South Korea,” he said. Trump tied the complaint directly to U.S. troop deployments on the Korean Peninsula. “We have 45,000 soldiers in South Korea… right next to Kim Jong Un, who has a lot of nuclear weapons,” he said, again overstating the American presence. U.S. Forces Korea stands at roughly 28,500 personnel. The remarks come as Seoul has yet to respond to Washington’s earlier request to dispatch naval assets to help secure the Strait of Hormuz, a key global energy chokepoint. Trump reiterated that reopening the strait is central to any agreement. “We have to have a deal that’s acceptable to me… and part of the deal’s going to be we want free traffic of oil, and everything else,” he said. He warned that failure to meet the deadline would trigger strikes on Iran’s infrastructure. “We have a plan… where every bridge in Iran will be decimated… where every power plant in Iran will be out of business,” he said. Trump extended similar criticism to Japan and Australia, while reiterating his dissatisfaction with NATO, which he described as ineffective, adding that Russian President Vladimir Putin “is not afraid of NATO, but he is afraid of the United States.” In contrast, he praised Gulf partners including Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Kuwait, calling their stance “excellent.” Trump also reiterated his personal rapport with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, saying the two “get along very well” and that Kim “likes me.” 2026-04-07 09:02:17