AJU PRESS ASIA FIRST NEWS AGENCY

Journalist

&
""
Latest by
  • Song Young-gil: We Cannot Entrust the Party to Those Who Undermine Lee Jae-myung
    Song Young-gil: We Cannot Entrust the Party to Those Who Undermine Lee Jae-myung Song Young-gil, a candidate for the leadership of the Democratic Party of Korea, stated on July 26, "We cannot entrust the party to those who undermine President Lee Jae-myung." This remark appears to be a direct criticism of former party leader Jung Cheong-rae amid rising tensions within the party.In a Facebook post, Song emphasized, "Judicial reform and prosecutorial reform do not belong to any one candidate. They are promises made by all three candidates and a mandate from the party members. No matter who becomes the party leader, reforms will be carried out."He further asserted, "President Lee is a pillar of the Democratic Party. If that pillar collapses, the reforms and the administration will also fall apart, just like a roof that collapses when its support is gone."Additionally, he warned, "Reform that merely shouts slogans while shaking the president may receive applause from certain politicians, but it will ultimately lead to defeat in the general elections and a change of government."Song declared, "I have maintained my loyalty to the president until the end. Please protect President Lee, the pillar of our party. I will not be a leader who shakes the president but rather a leader who firmly supports that pillar to safeguard the party."Meanwhile, Song has consistently pointed out issues related to Jung Cheong-rae, who has been embroiled in allegations of conflict. In the upcoming party convention, Song, along with former Prime Minister Kim Min-seok, who is aligned with the pro-Lee faction, and Jung, who is associated with the pro-Cheong faction, are competing for the party leadership. Jung has been appealing for support, vowing to protect President Lee, while Song and Kim have publicly criticized him, escalating the conflict.* This article has been translated by AI. 2026-07-26 15:08:00
  • Top Five Financial Groups Report Record Earnings Amid Stock Market Rally
    Top Five Financial Groups Report Record Earnings Amid Stock Market Rally The top five financial groups in South Korea reported a record net profit of over 13 trillion won in the first half of the year, driven by a booming stock market that significantly boosted non-interest income from their securities affiliates. However, the competitiveness of non-bank affiliates emerged as a key factor in determining growth rates, leading to mixed results among the holding companies.According to the financial sector on July 26, the combined net profit of KB, Shinhan, Hana, Woori, and NH Financial in the first half of the year was 13.1183 trillion won, a 9.7% increase from the same period last year (11.9541 trillion won), marking the highest figure on record for a half-year period.By individual holding company, KB Financial led with a net profit of 3.8846 trillion won (+13.1%). It was followed by Shinhan Financial with 3.4427 trillion won (+13.3%), Hana Financial with 2.4029 trillion won (+4.4%), NH Financial with 1.7791 trillion won (+9.2%), and Woori Financial with 1.6090 trillion won (+3.7%). All but Woori Financial set new half-year records.A notable change in this year's first-half results was the increased significance of the non-bank sector. The combined non-interest income of the five financial groups reached a record 10.7776 trillion won, a 27.6% increase compared to the previous year. The surge in commission income from the capital markets during the stock market boom was a major driver of overall performance.The fortunes of the holding companies varied based on the performance of their non-bank affiliates. The results from the securities sector increasingly influenced the overall profit growth of the financial groups, with Hana and Woori Financial, which have relatively smaller securities affiliates, showing less improvement compared to KB and Shinhan Financial.KB Financial, which recorded the highest net profit in the first half, saw the contribution of its non-bank affiliates rise to 44%. KB Securities reported a net profit of 796.3 billion won, accounting for 21% of the group's total net profit.Shinhan Financial also benefited from Shinhan Investment Corp., which posted a net profit of 577.7 billion won, a 123% increase from the previous year. The contribution of the non-bank sector to Shinhan's profits rose to about 35%. NH Financial also saw its non-bank contribution increase to 39.7%, with NH Investment & Securities reporting a net profit of 965.2 billion won in the first half, allowing NH Financial to maintain its position as the fourth-largest financial group by net profit, surpassing Woori Financial.In contrast, Hana Financial and Woori Financial struggled to overcome the size disparity of their non-bank affiliates, resulting in relatively modest growth. Hana Securities reported a net profit of 273.1 billion won, a 155.7% increase, but its absolute size remained small compared to the leading groups. Woori Investment & Securities also saw a 47% increase in net profit, but it only reached 24.7 billion won.Analysts in the financial sector noted that the performance of non-bank affiliates has become increasingly crucial in determining the growth rates and profitability of the holding companies.A financial sector official stated, "Amid household loan regulations, the roles of securities and asset management non-bank affiliates are becoming more significant in group performance. The competitiveness of the capital markets will continue to be a key factor influencing the profitability of financial holding companies in the second half of the year." 2026-07-26 15:08:00
  • Retail Investors Bet 450 Billion Won on Leveraged ETFs Ahead of New Regulations
    Retail Investors Bet 450 Billion Won on Leveraged ETFs Ahead of New Regulations Personal investors have significantly increased their purchases of single stock leveraged exchange-traded funds (ETFs) ahead of new regulations from financial authorities. This surge in buying is interpreted as a response to the upcoming increase in the basic deposit requirement.According to the Korea Exchange and Koscom CHECK, on July 24, individual investors net purchased 453.8 billion won worth of 14 single stock leveraged ETFs related to Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix. They bought 103.8 billion won in Samsung Electronics-related products and 350 billion won in SK Hynix-related products.Excluding the first trading day after the announcement of supplementary measures on July 20, individual investors had net sold for three consecutive days from July 21 to 23. However, on July 24, they shifted back to net buying with a large-scale bargain purchase. Consequently, from July 20 to 24, they recorded a total net purchase of 115.6 billion won.Analysts suggest that this buying trend is largely driven by bargain hunting following significant price drops. On July 24, Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix saw their stock prices fall by 7% to 8%, leading to a 15% to 16% drop in major single stock leveraged products within a day. Most product prices have plummeted from their listing price of 20,000 won to around 11,000 to 12,000 won, effectively halving their value. With the basic deposit requirement set to increase from 10 million won to 30 million won starting July 31, there is also a perceived rush to increase holdings before the regulation takes effect.Financial authorities view single stock leveraged products as a significant factor contributing to market volatility, particularly surrounding Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix, and are moving to tighten regulations. Starting July 31, the basic deposit for single stock leveraged ETFs and ETNs will rise to 30 million won and will only be recognized in cash. Additionally, measures to strengthen liquidity provider (LP) management responsibilities and expand trading unit sizes will be implemented sequentially.Despite the impending regulations, market volatility remains high. According to the Korea Exchange, the average daily volatility of the KOSPI from July 1 to 24 was 6.23%, surpassing the previous monthly record of 6.11% set during the global financial crisis in October 2008. Last week, the average daily volatility was 4.98%, down from 6.75% the previous week, but still at a high level. The KOSPI and KOSDAQ markets experienced sidecar interventions four and three times, respectively, last week.Han Ji-young, a researcher at Kiwoom Securities, noted, "The measures do not include reductions in leverage ratios or restrictions on new product listings, so their impact may be limited. For the time being, market direction will likely be determined more by semiconductor industry conditions and corporate earnings than by supply and demand issues related to leverage." 2026-07-26 15:04:00
  • High Interest Rates Drive Household Loan Delinquency to a Decade High
    High Interest Rates Drive Household Loan Delinquency to a Decade High 국내 주요 시중은행의 건전성 지표에 빨간불이 켜졌다. 고금리 여파로 가계대출 연체율은 10년 만에 최고치로 치솟았고 부실채권(고정이하여신) 규모 역시 8년 만에 최대 수준으로 불어났다. 26일 금융권에 따르면 5대 시중은행(KB국민·신한·하나·우리·NH농협)의 올해 2분기 말 기준 가계대출 연체율 평균은 0.33%로 집계됐다. 이는 1분기(0.32%) 대비 0.01%포인트(p) 상승한 수치로 2016년 1분기(0.36%) 이후 약 10년 만에 가장 높은 수준이다. 가계대출 연체율은 작년 말 평균 0.30%에서 올해 1분기 말 0.32%, 2분기 말 0.33% 등으로 계속해서 오름세를 보이고 있다. 은행별로는 농협은행이 0.48%로 12년 만에 최고치를 기록했다. 하나은행 역시 0.32%로 집계 이래 가장 높은 수치를 보였다. 우리은행은 1분기 말 0.29%에서 0.31%로 올랐다. 반면 KB국민은행은 0.28%에서 0.27%로 낮아졌고, 신한은행은 0.25%를 유지했다. 중소기업 대출 연체율도 상승세다. 5대 은행의 단순 평균치는 지난해 말 0.49%에서 올해 1분기 말 0.57%, 2분기 말 0.58%로 확대됐다. 특히 우리은행의 경우 2분기 말 중소기업 연체율이 0.75%로 팩트북 자료가 존재하는 2019년 1분기 말 이래 가장 높았다. 신한은행(0.49%)도 2017년 2분기 말(0.52%) 이후 9년 만에 가장 높았다. 반면 KB국민(0.37%)·하나(0.59%)·NH농협(0.71%)은 1분기 대비 연체율이 하락했다. 고정이하여신(NPL) 등 건전성 지표도 나빠진 것으로 나타났다. 5대 은행의 고정이하여신 규모는 총 7조4331억원으로 전년 동기(6조4325억원) 대비 약 1조원 폭증했다. 이는 2018년 1분기(8조2143억원) 이후 8년 만에 최대 규모다. 전체 대출 중 고정이하여신이 차지하는 비중도 2분기 기준 0.40%로 2020년 1분기 말 이후 최고 수준을 기록했다. 문제는 한국은행이 통화 정책 방향을 긴축으로 전환하며 대출 부실 압력이 더 커질 수 있다는 점이다. 이미 대출금리는 기준금리 추가 인상 가능성을 반영해 가파르게 오르고 있다. 5대 은행의 고정형 주담대 금리(은행채 5년물 기준)는 연 4.84∼7.57%로 집계됐다. 작년 말(연 3.93∼6.23%)과 비교하면 상단이 1.34%p, 하단이 0.91%p씩 뛰었다. 주택담보대출 고정금리 상단이 7.5%를 넘어선 것은 2022년 4월 이후 처음이다. * This article has been translated by AI. 2026-07-26 15:00:00
  • Han Byeong-do: People Power Party Should Focus on Work, Not Provocation
    Han Byeong-do: People Power Party Should Focus on Work, Not Provocation Han Byeong-do, the acting leader of the Democratic Party, criticized the People Power Party on July 26, stating, "What the People Power Party should do is work, not incite." His remarks came in response to the party's criticism of a proposed amendment to the criminal procedure law aimed at abolishing supplementary investigation rights.In a Facebook post, Han stated, "The People Power Party is once again launching irresponsible political attacks regarding the reform of the 'criminal justice system for the people.'" He added, "They are misleading the public with provocative language, such as accusations of treason, while engaging in irrational and false incitement to protect prosecutorial privileges."Han further accused the People Power Party of disregarding the principle of separation of powers by involving the president in their actions. He questioned, "Who has abandoned the responsibilities of the legislative branch by continuing a boycott of the National Assembly for over 50 days?"He emphasized that the Democratic Party has adopted a proposal that firmly upholds the spirit of the times, which is the 'complete separation of investigation and prosecution,' while also ensuring protections for vulnerable groups and checks on investigative agencies.Han asserted, "It is the People Power Party that has boycotted discussions for their political purposes, neglecting the people's livelihood. Who has betrayed the public?"He specifically criticized the People Power Party's claim that only direct investigative powers can protect the public, calling it a blatant falsehood that equates prosecutorial privileges with public safety. He stated, "The People Power Party is responsible for creating a prosecutorial dictatorship that undermines the constitutional order and democracy of South Korea."Han urged the People Power Party to focus on cooperating with the Democratic Party and the Lee Jae-myung administration in restoring livelihoods and achieving a great leap forward for South Korea, rather than exacerbating public anxiety by trying to protect the prosecution. He expressed hope that the People Power Party would not be remembered as a treasonous party due to their irresponsible National Assembly strike.Meanwhile, Jeong Jeong-sik, the floor leader of the People Power Party, stated on Facebook, "If the abolition of supplementary investigation rights passes a vote in the National Assembly and President Lee Jae-myung even gives up his right to request reconsideration, that will mark the beginning of the downfall of the government and the ruling party." 2026-07-26 14:52:00
  • Yoon Suk Yeols Trials Continue During Court Recess
    Yoon Suk Yeol's Trials Continue During Court Recess In accordance with the 6-3-3 principle of the Special Prosecutor Act, the trials involving former President Yoon Suk Yeol will proceed as scheduled this week, despite the court recess. The court will hold a ruling on the first trial regarding violations of the election law and the first hearing of the appeal concerning charges of general defection and abuse of authority. According to legal sources on July 26, the Seoul Central District Court's Criminal Division 21, led by Judge Jo Soon-pyo, will conduct the ruling on Yoon's election law violation case on July 27. The ruling will be broadcast live. Yoon is accused of making false statements during a discussion at the Kwanhun Club on December 14, 2021, claiming he had not introduced attorney Lee Nam-seok to former Yongsan Tax Office Chief Yoon Woo-jin, despite having done so while serving as the head of the Central Investigation Division of the Supreme Prosecutors' Office in 2012. This was allegedly to mitigate concerns over declining approval ratings during the presidential election. Additionally, he faces charges for stating in a media interview on January 17, 2022, that he had never met Jeon Seong-bae of the Geonjin Law Firm, although he acknowledged having exchanged greetings through party officials, but denied meeting with First Lady Kim Kun-hee. If Yoon receives a sentence of more than 1 million won in fines in this case, the People Power Party will be required to return 39.7 billion won in election funds to the National Election Commission. The special prosecutor's team, led by Min Jung-ki, requested a two-year prison sentence during the closing arguments on June 8, stating, "The Constitution mandates that the president be elected through direct elections, and the dissemination of false information that influences the voters' judgment is a serious crime in itself." On July 29, the Seoul High Court's Criminal Division 1, presided over by Judge Yoon Seong-sik, will hold the first hearing of the appeal regarding Yoon's charges of general defection and abuse of authority. Former Defense Minister Kim Yong-hyun and former Army Counterintelligence Command Chief Yeo In-hyung, who face similar charges, will also appear in court. Yoon and others are accused of escalating military tensions by infiltrating drones into Pyongyang to provoke an attack from North Korea, thereby creating a justification for declaring a state of emergency. Former Commander Kim is charged with obstructing the investigation by preparing and submitting false documents related to the drone operations. The first trial court sentenced Yoon to 30 years in prison, marking the first time a former president has been convicted of general defection in South Korea's constitutional history. Former Minister Kim received a heavier sentence of 30 years, exceeding the special prosecutor's request of 25 years. Former Commander Yeo was sentenced to 15 years, while former Commander Kim received a three-year sentence with a five-year probation. Given that the first trial was conducted in private due to concerns over national security leaks, it is highly likely that the appeal trial will also be held behind closed doors.* This article has been translated by AI. 2026-07-26 14:52:00
  • U.S. Nuclear Double Standards: Saudi Arabia vs. South Korea
    U.S. Nuclear Double Standards: Saudi Arabia vs. South Korea In international politics, national interests often take precedence over principles. The recent move by the United States to expand nuclear cooperation with Saudi Arabia, including allowing uranium enrichment, underscores this reality. The U.S., which has emphasized nuclear non-proliferation as a core principle of the international order, is broadening its nuclear collaboration with Saudi Arabia, a nation without a single commercial nuclear power plant. This is not merely an energy policy; it is a strategic choice aimed at countering China's influence in the Middle East and securing Saudi Arabia within a U.S.-led security framework. Geopolitical interests are clearly taking precedence over non-proliferation principles.South Korea has diligently upheld the U.S.-led nuclear non-proliferation regime for over half a century since the nuclear armament controversy during the Park Chung-hee administration in the 1970s. The country has faithfully implemented the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and has accepted significant restrictions on nuclear fuel cycle technologies, such as spent fuel reprocessing and uranium enrichment, under the Korea-U.S. nuclear agreement. Despite possessing world-class capabilities in nuclear power plant design, construction, and operation, South Korea has prioritized the trust of its ally and limited its own actions.South Korea has emerged as a globally recognized nuclear power. It successfully completed the Barakah nuclear power plant in the United Arab Emirates and has demonstrated competitiveness in the European nuclear market. With over 50 years of operational experience and a transparent safety management system recognized by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), South Korea's nuclear industry is a significant asset. This is why it has been regarded as a model non-proliferation state worldwide.Saudi Arabia, on the other hand, lacks operational experience with nuclear power and has made statements suggesting the possibility of nuclear armament, raising concerns in the international community. Nevertheless, the U.S. is expanding nuclear cooperation with Saudi Arabia due to strategic needs related to countering China and reshaping the Middle Eastern order. The judgment that Saudi Arabia cannot be overlooked, especially as China expands its influence through nuclear power and infrastructure, appears to be a significant factor. While this may be a pragmatic choice for the U.S., it highlights the reality that international politics does not operate solely on principles. When national interests are at stake, interpretations of principles can change.Our perception also needs to evolve. Nuclear power has become a strategic industry that influences national competitiveness, extending beyond just building power plants to include power supply for artificial intelligence (AI) data centers, small modular reactors (SMRs), nuclear fuel cycles, and decommissioning projects. South Korea, with its world-class technological capabilities, should not cling to outdated frameworks. We must reflect on whether we are still waiting for our ally to eventually recognize our efforts, holding onto the belief that 'we are allies, so they will acknowledge us someday.'This shift also carries significant implications for security. As North Korea's nuclear and missile capabilities advance, the need for nuclear-powered submarines has been consistently raised. These submarines are strategic assets capable of long-term submerged operations and long-range missions, not nuclear weapons. While we must approach this matter cautiously within the framework of respecting the international non-proliferation regime and the Korea-U.S. alliance, it is less convincing that the U.S. applies flexible approaches to Saudi Arabia while imposing outdated standards on South Korea.Adhering to non-proliferation principles and accepting excessive constraints in light of changing times are two different issues. We must demand reasonable treatment that aligns with the trust we have built and our world-class technological capabilities. The operational framework of the Korea-U.S. nuclear agreement also needs to be re-evaluated. Alliances cannot endure at the expense of one party. If the U.S. applies principles flexibly based on national interests, South Korea should also pursue a more proactive nuclear strategy centered on its own national interests. This is the mark of a mature alliance and the realistic path we must choose in a rapidly changing international order. 2026-07-26 14:48:00
  • Southeast Korea sizzles as heat hotspot spreads beyond Daefrica
    Southeast Korea sizzles as heat hotspot spreads beyond 'Daefrica' SEOUL, July 26 (AJP) -South Korea's notorious summer heat is no longer confined to "Daefrica," the nickname long used for the sweltering city of Daegu, as extreme temperatures spread across much of neighboring North Gyeongsang Province in what meteorologists describe as a broader and more persistent heat wave. The Korea Meteorological Administration on Sunday expanded its highest-level extreme heat emergency warning to additional areas including Gyeongsan and Cheongdo, joining Gyeongju and Pohang, where the alert had already been in effect. The warning is issued when the maximum apparent temperature remains above 35 degrees Celsius for at least two days and is expected to exceed 38 degrees, or when actual daytime highs are forecast to reach 39 degrees or higher. Morning temperatures had already climbed above 30 degrees by 10 a.m., reaching 33.7 degrees in Gyeongju, 33.2 degrees in Pohang, 32.6 degrees in Gumi and 32.4 degrees in Daegu. Meteorologists said this summer's heat differs from previous years because the most intense temperatures are no longer concentrated in Daegu, historically dubbed "Daefrica" for its Africa-like summer heat, but are spreading across inland and eastern coastal cities throughout North Gyeongsang Province. Historical records underscore the shift. While Uiseong holds the region's all-time high of 40.4 degrees Celsius, nearby Yeongdeok (39.9), Gyeongju (39.8) and Pohang (39.4) have also approached the 40-degree mark. Automatic weather stations have recorded even higher unofficial readings, including 41 degrees in Yeongcheon's Sinnyeong district and 40.6 degrees in Hayang, Gyeongsan. The weather agency introduced the extreme heat emergency warning for the first time this year, reflecting what officials say is a growing trend of wider geographical coverage and longer-lasting heat waves rather than isolated urban hot spots. "Recent heat waves are expanding in spatial extent and becoming more persistent," a Korea Meteorological Administration official said. "High-temperature conditions are becoming increasingly pronounced not only in Daegu but also across inland and eastern coastal areas of North Gyeongsang Province." The relentless heat emptied city streets across Daegu, Gyeongju and Pohang during the weekend, while valleys, beaches and urban water parks drew crowds seeking relief. Farmers also rushed to cool livestock barns with water sprays, misting systems and large industrial fans as temperatures continued to rise. Forecasters warned that strong sunshine would push temperatures even higher through the afternoon and urged residents to avoid prolonged outdoor activity, particularly agricultural work, during peak daytime hours. 2026-07-26 14:34:14
  • Delay in 8-Week Rule Leads to Deteriorating Auto Insurance Profits
    Delay in '8-Week Rule' Leads to Deteriorating Auto Insurance Profits The introduction of the so-called '8-week rule' to manage long-term treatment for minor injury patients has been delayed, leading to increased losses in auto insurance. With seasonal factors expected to continue worsening the loss ratio in the second half of the year, forecasts indicate that an annual deficit is unavoidable.According to the insurance industry on July 26, the operating loss for auto insurance among non-life insurers in the first half of this year was 189 billion won, a deterioration of over 200 billion won compared to the same period last year (30.2 billion won). This marks the first deficit in the first half of the year since 2020, when it recorded a loss of 126.2 billion won.The loss ratio for auto insurance increased in the first half of the year, negatively impacting profitability. The cumulative loss ratio for the four major insurers—Samsung Fire & Marine, Hyundai Marine & Fire, DB Insurance, and KB Insurance—averaged 84.5%, up 1.9 percentage points from the same period last year.Although auto insurance premiums were raised by over 1% at the beginning of the year, the effect on premium income has been limited due to reductions in premiums over the past four years. In contrast, costs associated with auto repair fees, parts, and wages for temporary workers have continued to rise, increasing the burden of the loss ratio.Industry insiders cite the long-term treatment of minor injury patients and certain over-treatment practices as major factors exacerbating the loss ratio. As long-term treatment continues at traditional Korean medicine hospitals and clinics, the frequency of high-cost treatments and bundled billing has increased, leading to larger payouts.In fact, the average cost of Korean medicine treatment per minor injury patient among the four major non-life insurers last year was 1.083 million won, nearly three times higher than the cost of Western medicine treatment (355,000 won). Of the 817.4 billion won spent on outpatient Korean medicine, the proportion of patients receiving six or more of eight specific treatments—such as acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, herbal injections, and chiropractic care—was 64.4%.As a result, the insurance industry is eager for the prompt implementation of the 8-week rule. This rule stipulates that when a minor injury patient requires treatment beyond eight weeks following a traffic accident, a specialized review committee will assess the appropriateness of the treatment.An industry official stated, "In the second half of the year, the loss ratio is likely to worsen further due to seasonal factors and rising costs, so an annual deficit is expected. The longer the implementation of the 8-week rule and other regulatory improvements are delayed, the longer the recovery of auto insurance profits will take."* This article has been translated by AI. 2026-07-26 14:32:00
  • Kim Min-seok Questions If Democratic Party Will Support Anti-Myeong Candidates
    Kim Min-seok Questions If Democratic Party Will Support Anti-Myeong Candidates Kim Min-seok, a candidate for the leadership of the Democratic Party, questioned on July 26 whether the party would support three anti-Myeong candidates for the Supreme Council. His remarks come amid escalating tensions between the pro-Myeong (Lee Jae-myung) and pro-Cheong (Jung Cheong-rae) factions.Speaking at a policy meeting held at the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Kim stated, "I will make an important prediction." He continued, "Those who view politics as arithmetic believe that since three anti-Myeong and pro-Cheong candidates have advanced to the finals, the Supreme Council vote will result in a 3-to-2 outcome. I see politics as a dynamic drama of physics, as was already proven during the second leadership of Lee Jae-myung."He added, "It was the same then, and do you think it will be different this time? The results will begin to change as soon as we start. The key point will be whether all pro-Cheong candidates are eliminated by the end of the election."In the preliminary election held on July 23 for the selection of the party leader and Supreme Council members, Kim Min-seok, Song Young-gil, and former leader Jung Cheong-rae advanced to the finals. The Supreme Council candidates include five from the pro-Myeong faction (Kim Young-ho, Park Sun-won, Seo Mi-hwa, Lim Mi-ae, and Kim Yong) and three from the pro-Cheong faction (Lee Sung-yoon, Choi Min-hee, and Han Min-soo).* This article has been translated by AI. 2026-07-26 14:28:00