Journalist

Lee Jung-woo, Kim Yeon-jae
  • Trump admin pressures Seoul over unfulfilled trade commitments
    Trump admin pressures Seoul over "unfulfilled" trade commitments SEOUL, January 28 (AJP) - U.S. Trade Representative Jamison Greer told Fox Business on Tuesday that South Korea had yet to honor commitments made under last summer’s “framework agreement,” including a planned 350-billion-dollar investment in the U.S. over three years and steps to open its market to more American automobiles and agricultural products. “We showed good faith by lowering our tariff rate on Korea from 25 percent to 15 percent,” Greer said. “But they haven’t done their part—they haven’t passed the bill to support their investment, they’ve introduced new digital service laws, and they haven’t moved forward on agriculture or industry. It’s hard to keep our end of the bargain when they’re moving so slowly.” The remarks come amid escalating trade tensions between the two allies. The U.S.–Korea Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA) Joint Committee, which was supposed to meet last December in Washington for the first time since last fall’s summit, has been postponed indefinitely after Washington demanded “more concrete proposals” from Seoul on non-tariff barriers and digital regulation. According to Korean officials, the dispute centers partly on South Korea’s amended Information and Communications Network Act—a digital-services law aimed at curbing false online content, which U.S. tech firms argue imposes new restrictions on their operations. Trump, speaking during a campaign stop in Iowa on Tuesday, doubled down on his approach, saying that the threat of 25% tariffs has been effective in prompting other countries to return to the negotiating table. “When we mention tariffs, they move,” Trump said, suggesting that the policy remains a core component of his negotiation strategy. Strategic Leverage or Economic Self-Harm? Some experts view the move as an example of Trump’s reliance on tariff threats as leverage, a strategy largely absent from modern U.S. trade diplomacy. “President Trump is using tariffs as political and economic pressure in ways we haven’t seen before,” said J. Lawrence Broz, chair of the Department of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego. “Publicly singling out Korea’s National Assembly personalizes the dispute and justifies unilateral escalation. But protectionism harms U.S. consumers and distorts resource allocation—it’s economically counterproductive in the long term.” Broz added that the episode underscores the eroding influence of multilateral trade institutions like the WTO, which were designed to restrain powerful countries from acting unilaterally in trade conflicts. Domestic Politics in Play Other analysts suggested political motivations may also be at work. Eric A. Langenbacher, a professor at Georgetown University, noted that two rival bills are currently before South Korea’s National Assembly to create a mechanism for the pledged investments. “The timing may not be coincidental,” he said. “Trump might be trying to break the legislative impasse in his own way. His policy messages often follow from the most recent conversation he’s had, so the key question is—who raised the South Korean issue to him, and to what end?” Langenbacher added that it remains unclear whether Trump has a preferred political faction in South Korea, but drew parallels with his administration’s past signals of support for European right-wing populist parties, suggesting that “this might be a way to tilt the domestic debate.” 2026-01-28 18:20:40
  • Trumps tariff threat jolts Seoul politics but leaves markets largely unruffled
    Trump's tariff threat jolts Seoul politics but leaves markets largely unruffled SEOUL, January 27 (AJP) - President Donald Trump’s renewed tariff threat against South Korea rattled the political establishment in Seoul but stopped short of derailing financial markets, underscoring investors’ view that the dispute is more political theater than an imminent economic shock. Washington’s displeasure over what it sees as Seoul’s slow follow-through on investment commitments tied to tariff relief had been telegraphed in advance. According to government sources, the U.S. government sent a letter to Seoul about two weeks ago urging South Korea to fulfill follow-up obligations under the trade-related section of a bilateral “Joint Fact Sheet” agreed last November. The correspondence was reportedly addressed to Foreign Minister Cho Hyun, Industry Minister Kim Jung-kwan and Fair Trade Commission Chair Ju Biung-ghi, and appears to have served as a prelude to Trump’s latest move. In a post Monday on his social media platform Truth Social, Trump accused South Korea’s National Assembly of failing to complete the legal procedures required to implement the trade commitments. He announced that tariffs on Korean automobiles, timber, pharmaceuticals and “all other reciprocal TARIFFS” would be raised from 15 percent to 25 percent, without specifying an effective date. Industry Minister Kim, who was in Ottawa to support a Korean consortium bidding for Canada’s submarine procurement project, cut short his schedule and headed to Washington to engage U.S. officials. U.S. observers noted that Seoul has become the latest target in what they described as a broader Trumpian tariff offensive that has also swept in the European Union and Canada, all accused of foot-dragging on trade or investment pledges. The overnight threat had an immediate wake-up effect on the political front in Seoul. President Lee Jae Myung, presiding over a cabinet meeting, criticized the National Assembly for moving “too slowly” on legislation, without explicitly referencing the special bill related to U.S. investment commitments. Rep. Kim Han-kyu of the ruling Democratic Party, a member of the National Assembly’s Strategy and Finance Committee, said lawmakers were already advancing the necessary bills and budget measures. “Despite President Trump’s remarks, the National Assembly will proceed calmly according to the planned schedule,” Kim said, adding that tariff-related commitments “are being carried out as agreed.” Financial markets, however, appeared largely unfazed. The benchmark KOSPI rose 2.73 percent to close at a record 5,084.85, while the tech-heavy KOSDAQ gained 1.71 percent to 1,082.59. The Korean won weakened only marginally, with the U.S. dollar rising 0.20 won to 1,448.2 won. “The market rally shows that investors trust the government’s composed response and are not shaken by President Trump’s actions,” the ruling party lawmaker said. Opposition figures were less sanguine. Rep. Choi Eun-seok of the main opposition People Power Party argued that the administration had downplayed the need for parliamentary ratification of the trade deal. “The government’s complacency has given the U.S. an excuse to act unilaterally,” Choi said, calling for a parliamentary hearing with Deputy Prime Minister Koo Yoon-cheol to determine “what went wrong.” The blame game quickly escalated. Democratic Party Rep. Cho In-chul countered that opposition lawmakers themselves had slowed legislative progress. “The agreement clearly states that ratification is not required,” Cho said. “All that’s needed is supporting legislation. The Strategy and Finance Committee is chaired by the opposition, yet they accuse us of inaction.” U.S. scholars were broadly critical of Trump’s tariff posture toward allies. Jeffrey Frankel, a professor at Harvard Kennedy School, said Trump was not singling out South Korea. “He is imposing tariffs that are illegal, illogical and harmful on almost all U.S. trading partners,” Frankel said. Matthew Bunn, also of Harvard, said Trump’s actions were difficult to explain. “I have no idea what has caused President Trump to suddenly do this — along with so many other things that undermine the interests of American allies,” Bunn said. Erik A. Gartzke, a political science professor at the University of California, San Diego, described Trump’s behavior as “bullying.” “Don’t worry — the Republic of Korea is nothing special,” Gartzke said. “People around the world are learning that Trump is a bully. Accommodate him and he will come back for more. Stand up to him and he usually chickens out.” John Dunn, professor emeritus at the University of Cambridge, called Trump “a very impatient bully,” arguing that his approach reflects “a minimalist conception of a contract — it binds others but not him unless they have a means to enforce it.” Trump, Dunn added, “rightly supposes that South Korea is more dependent on the U.S. than the U.S. is on South Korea, and therefore cannot enforce the agreement.” “This is a completely general pattern of behavior,” Dunn said. “He has only really backed off in the case of China. The South Korean legislative process, meanwhile, is seldom brisk.” 2026-01-27 17:44:38
  • South Korea pushes bid for Canadas submarine project as economic ties deepen
    South Korea pushes bid for Canada's submarine project as economic ties deepen SEOUL, January 27 (AJP) - South Korea is stepping up efforts to win Canada’s next-generation submarine contract, leveraging a flurry of industrial cooperation deals and high-level diplomacy aimed at deepening the two countries’ strategic and economic ties. The Ministry of Trade, Industry and Resources said it hosted the South Korea–Canada Industrial Cooperation Forum on Monday at the Park Hyatt hotel in Toronto, bringing together business and government leaders from both countries. The event comprised a two-part program: an automotive industry cooperation forum and a South Korea–Canada CEO dialogue. Senior figures in attendance included presidential chief of staff Kang Hoon-sik, Industry Minister Kim Jung-kwan, and Defense Acquisition Program Administration Commissioner Lee Yong-cheol. From the Canadian side, participants included Philip Jennings, deputy minister of Innovation, Science and Economic Development, and Victor Fedeli, the Ontario minister of economic development, job creation and trade, alongside other federal and provincial officials. Officials discussed strengthening collaboration in future mobility sectors such as eco-friendly and autonomous vehicles. “The auto industry is a core backbone industry that runs through both countries,” Kim said, emphasizing that South Korea will help both nations’ automakers “seek opportunities together and grow.” In a show of expanding cooperation, six memorandums of understanding (MOUs) were signed between major firms in key high-tech and strategic industries. They included agreements between Hanwha Ocean and Algoma Steel (steel), Hanwha Systems with Telesat and MDA Space (low-Earth-orbit satellites), Hanwha Ocean–Hanwha Systems–Cohere (AI), Hanwha Systems and PV Labs (advanced sensors), and POSCO International and Torngat Metals (rare earths). The MOU was signed as part of discussions between the South Korean and Canadian governments and companies on industrial cooperation ahead of Canada’s upcoming submarine procurement program. It outlines a concrete model for industrial collaboration that aligns with the Canadian government’s emphasis on local industry participation and Industrial and Technological Benefits (ITB) — the so-called “Buy Canadian” policy. Hanwha Ocean first signed an agreement with Algoma Steel, Canada’s largest steel manufacturer, to support the Canadian submarine project. If Hanwha wins the submarine contract, the two companies will cooperate on building a steel plant in Canada and establishing a stable supply chain for steel products used in submarine construction and maintenance (MRO) infrastructure. Hanwha Ocean will invest approximately CAD 345 million in the initiative. Hanwha Ocean and Hanwha Systems also entered into an artificial intelligence partnership with Cohere, a leading Canadian AI unicorn, to jointly develop specialized AI technologies applicable to shipbuilding and submarine system integration and operation. The collaboration will utilize Cohere’s large language models (LLMs) and large multimodal models (LMMs) to enhance processes across production planning, design, and manufacturing. Hanwha Systems will further collaborate with Telesat, a Canadian satellite communications company, to develop next-generation low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications. By combining Hanwha’s expertise in satellite manufacturing and terminal development with Telesat’s satellite network operation and design capabilities, the two companies aim to deliver a globally competitive LEO satellite communication network for both domestic and international markets. In addition, Hanwha Systems signed an MOU with MDA Space to cooperate on defense and security-oriented satellite communications and space technologies, and another with PV Labs to advance electro-optical and infrared (EO/IR) sensor technologies for defense applications. A study by global consulting firm KPMG estimated that Hanwha’s proposed industrial cooperation plan for the Canadian submarine project could create more than 200,000 cumulative job-years in Canada by 2040. The ministry said the deals are expected to reinforce collaboration across advanced industrial sectors including steel, defense, space, AI, and rare earth development. During the second session, business leaders gathered for the third South Korea–Canada CEO Dialogue, co-hosted by the Federation of Korean Industries and the Business Council of Canada. Executives from 12 South Korean and nine Canadian companies discussed opportunities in supply-chain resilience and strategic industries. “Our companies already see Canada as a trusted, key partner,” Kim said, adding that stronger cooperation will “enhance supply chain stability, create jobs in both countries, and boost global competitiveness.” Strategic Stakes in Canada’s Submarine Modernization Beyond trade, Seoul’s outreach carries strategic weight. South Korean shipbuilders — notably Hanwha Ocean — are reportedly positioning themselves for Canada’s multibillion-dollar Canadian Patrol Submarine Project (CPSP), one of Ottawa’s largest and most consequential defense procurements. Canada’s aging fleet of Victoria-class submarines, built in the 1980s and slated for retirement by the mid-2030s, has prompted Ottawa to pursue up to 12 conventionally powered, under-ice-capable submarines under the CPSP. The project, part of the government’s “Our North, Strong and Free” defense policy, reflects growing security concerns in the rapidly warming Arctic, where Russia and China are expanding their presence. “Submarines are crucial to Canada’s ability to defend its sovereignty, monitor maritime approaches, and project power beyond its shores,” said Julie Kim of the Canadian Global Affairs Institute. “The CPSP has assessed that the most efficient path forward is to procure foreign-built, Military-Off-the-Shelf submarines that meet Canada’s operational needs.” A Deeper Strategic Partnership If South Korea were selected as a partner, analysts say the decision could mark a watershed in bilateral ties. The two nations upgraded their relationship to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2022, identifying defense cooperation as one of five core pillars. That partnership deepened further with the signing of the Canada–Republic of Korea Security and Defence Cooperation Partnership in October 2025. “With mounting global instability and the shifting dynamics of Canada–U.S. relations, Ottawa is actively seeking reliable defense partners with proven production capacity,” Kim noted. “South Korea has earned a reputation for delivering cost-effective, U.S.-interoperable systems that are already in service with key Western allies.” The Royal Canadian Navy already conducts joint maritime exercises with the ROK Navy through Operation HORIZON and Operation NEON, while also operating together in multinational maneuvers such as RIMPAC and PACIFIC VANGUARD. If Canada were to procure South Korean-built submarines, both navies would share advanced underwater technologies for decades — a move expected to significantly strengthen bilateral defense cooperation and interoperability in the Pacific. 2026-01-27 09:35:14
  • Team Korea in Canada under watch as Koreas defense manufacturing moves to global center
    Team Korea in Canada under watch as Korea's defense manufacturing moves to global center SEOUL, January 26 (AJP) -As countries accelerate rearmament amid a more inward-looking U.S. security posture, South Korea’s defense manufacturing capacity has moved to the center of global procurement — a shift underscored by Seoul’s decision to dispatch a high-level delegation to Canada to back a $44 billion submarine bid. Presidential Chief of Staff Kang Hoon-sik departed for Canada on Monday, leading a delegation that includes Industry Minister Kim Jung-kwan and Defense Acquisition Program Administration head Lee Yong-cheol. The visit is aimed at supporting Seoul’s bid for the Canadian Patrol Submarine Project (CPSP), estimated at around 60 trillion won ($44 billion). Joining the delegation are Hyundai Motor Group Chairman Chung Eui-sun and Hanwha Group Vice Chairman Kim Dong-kwan — a lineup that underscores how seriously Seoul views the opportunity and highlights the growing role of state-industry coordination in major defense contracts. Before boarding his flight at Incheon International Airport, Kang told reporters the competition has narrowed to two contenders — South Korea and Germany. “Germany is a global manufacturing powerhouse in automation and advanced chemical engineering,” Kang said, adding that “given how South Korea inherited core submarine technologies from Germany in our early development stages, the situation will not be easy.” Germany, which recently lost Poland’s submarine tender, is said to be approaching the Canadian competition with exceptional intensity. Nevertheless, Kang emphasized the scale of the project and its implications for South Korea’s industrial base. “This is the largest defense procurement project currently underway internationally,” he said. “If we win, the domestic production ripple effect alone would exceed 40 trillion won, creating more than 20,000 jobs and securing work for over 300 partner companies.” Manufacturing capacity meets strategic demand The CPSP has emerged as a test case for how defense procurement is evolving globally. Canada is seeking up to 12 diesel-electric submarines of roughly 3,000 tons, along with decades of maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO). Ottawa is also reportedly requiring part of the project to be carried out at a new local shipyard, while allowing initial units to be built in the contractor’s home country. Such conditions favor suppliers with large-scale manufacturing capacity and the ability to integrate local production and long-term sustainment — areas where Korea has increasingly differentiated itself. Global demand for weapons has surged as allies face pressure to rebuild inventories as the United States urges partners to shoulder more of their own defense burden under an America-First security policy. In Europe, rearmament has accelerated, but fragmented industrial structures and capacity bottlenecks have limited supply. Korea’s ability to produce and deliver complex systems at scale has elevated its standing from a fast-growing exporter to a core manufacturing hub in the global defense market. Historical ties and diplomatic signaling On Sunday, the eve of his departure, Kang paid tribute to Canadian soldiers who fought in the Korean War at the War Memorial of Korea in Seoul. He laid a wreath at the monument honoring Canada’s fallen and observed a moment of silence. Though Korea and Canada are not formal military allies, the two countries have expanded security cooperation under their “Comprehensive Strategic Partnership.” Last October, Seoul hosted Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney, and the two governments signed a Military Information Security Agreement, laying the groundwork for deeper defense industrial collaboration. A bid shaped by geopolitics Experts say the CPSP has become more than a procurement contest, reflecting broader shifts in the global security architecture. “Canada–South Korea relations have long been strong,” said Daniel Béland, professor of political science at McGill University. “More than 500 Canadians died during the Korean War defending the South against the North’s aggression, and since then, Canada has played a direct role in the UN Command.” Béland said ties have deepened since formal diplomatic relations were established in 1960. “Economic and strategic ties have increased since the advent of the CKFTA trade agreement a decade ago,” he said. “Given the current geopolitical and trade uncertainties created by the second Trump administration, we’re likely to see even stronger security and economic ties between our two countries — in line with the multilateral collaborative strategy outlined by Prime Minister Carney in his recent Davos speech.” He added that “the very fact that a South Korean company was shortlisted for the CPSP has already brought the two countries closer together,” and that a win by the KSS-III design would deepen cooperation across both economic and security fields. Canada’s recalibration and Europe’s signal Patrick Lennox, a Canadian politician from the ruling Liberal Party, described the submarine project as central to Ottawa’s push to strengthen maritime capabilities and diversify partnerships. “Canada’s participation in the Korean conflict hearkens back to a time when our foreign policy could leverage multilateral institutions like the UN to attempt to constrain and moderate American decisions,” Lennox said. “With those days squarely behind us, we are seeking to diversify and strengthen our global partnerships and rebuild our military capability.” He called the CPSP “a key feature of this generational investment,” linking it to Canada’s Indo-Pacific strategy. “Canada is looking to open new opportunities for security cooperation and to strengthen stability on the Korean Peninsula,” Lennox said. “At a strategic level, geopolitical imperatives are pushing our two democratic nations closer together as we work towards enhancing middle power alliances and strategic partnerships in the face of unconstrained great power politics.” Beyond submarines Trade officials say Canada has asked both South Korea and Germany for broader industrial commitments as part of offset negotiations, with Ottawa favoring local investments and supply-chain integration. Kang’s entourage is therefore expected to pursue parallel discussions on industrial cooperation. Hyundai’s Chung and Hanwha’s Kim are reportedly exploring local partnerships aligned with Canada’s manufacturing and climate priorities. Public diplomacy is also part of the visit. Seoul plans cultural and commemorative events highlighting historic ties, including a memorial marking 70 years since the death of Oliver R. Avison, a Canadian medical missionary and founder of Severance Hospital. A musical dramatizing the work of early Canadian missionaries in Korea is scheduled to coincide with the delegation’s stay. 2026-01-26 16:13:20
  • South Korea is aging fast, but policy is falling behind
    South Korea is aging fast, but policy is falling behind SEOUL, January 23 (AJP) - South Korea has officially entered the ranks of super-aged societies, but its policies remain anchored in a younger past. The result is a deepening crisis marked by the OECD’s highest old-age poverty rate and one of the world’s most alarming suicide rates among seniors—outcomes that experts say reflect years of delayed and fragmented responses to demographic change. According to the OECD’s Pensions at a Glance 2023, four out of ten Koreans aged 65 and older live below the poverty line, defined as having an income at or below half of the national median disposable household income. The figure is nearly three times the OECD average of 14.2 percent. While the comparison is imperfect—Korea’s measure is income-based and excludes assets such as real estate—other global indicators consistently point to the same conclusion: old age in Korea is unusually harsh. Nowhere is that clearer than in suicide statistics. South Korea’s suicide rate among older adults stood at 42.2 per 100,000 as of 2020, roughly 2.5 times the OECD average of 16.6, according to a 2024 report. Domestic figures tell a similar story. Data from Statistics Korea show that in 2025, the income poverty rate for those aged 66 and older reached 39.7 percent, nearly triple the OECD average of 14.8 percent. The burden grows heavier with age. Among people aged 75 and above, public transfers such as basic pensions do far less to reduce poverty than they do for younger seniors, suggesting widening disparities within the elderly population itself. Structural features of Korea’s labor market compound the problem. Many older Koreans continue to work not by choice but by necessity, often in low-paid and unstable jobs. This year, the number of workers clocking fewer than 15 hours a week surpassed one million, with nearly 70 percent of them aged 60 or older. These “ultra-short-hour” jobs—typically in cleaning, waste collection or other manual tasks—offer little security and meager pay, trapping seniors in precarious livelihoods. Health costs further magnify financial stress. Nearly half of Koreans aged 75 and above suffer from three or more chronic illnesses, and about 15.7 percent live with dementia—more than three times the rate among younger seniors. Medical and long-term care expenses hit the poorest hardest, often pushing them deeper into poverty late in life. Gender disparities deepen the gap Lifetime inequality in Korea’s labor market carries directly into old age, leaving elderly women especially vulnerable. In 2023, male workers earned an average of 26,042 won per hour, while women earned just 18,502 won—about 71 percent of men’s wages—according to the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family. Nearly half of female workers were non-regular employees, compared with less than a third of men, and women were more than twice as likely to be classified as low-wage earners. The retirement gap is stark. Men aged 60 to 64 receive an average national pension of about 980,000 won a month, while women receive just 460,000 won—less than half. OECD data show that 45.3 percent of elderly Korean women live in poverty, far above the OECD average of 10.2 percent. “I come here every day for free meals” The statistics take on human form at soup kitchens across Seoul. On a cold winter morning near Tapgol Park, dozens of elderly men and women gathered quietly before lunchtime, hands tucked into thin coats. For many, these soup kitchens are not only their main source of food, but also their only place of social contact. An 88-year-old man originally from Hwanghae Province said he travels nearly an hour by subway each day to eat. “I come here for free meals every day,” he said. “Breakfast, lunch and dinner—I get them all from soup kitchens. There are others near Cheongnyangni and Seoul Station too.” Nearby, an 82-year-old woman from Jeongneung described scraping by on her basic pension and income from public work programs. Her monthly income, she said, is just under one million won. “About ten days a month, I pick up cigarette butts on the street,” she said. With a husband suffering from dementia, she is the family’s sole earner. “Dentures are covered by insurance, but crowns are not. One tooth costs 500,000 to 600,000 won. I just can’t afford it.” Another woman, 86, said she has no bathroom in her home. “I walk about five minutes to a public restroom,” she said. “It’s manageable most days, but in winter the roads freeze and I fall.” With no other work available, she collects cardboard, earning about 6,000 won a day if she is lucky. “I start at six in the morning and go until it’s dark.” Volunteer Yoo Yoo-jae, 68, said around 300 elderly people visit the soup kitchen each day. “Some even come from Cheonan because subway rides are free,” he said. “Most are in their 70s or older. We have five people over 90 who come regularly, and about ten who use wheelchairs.” A structural challenge, not a temporary one “Suicide among older adults in South Korea has long been a chronic social problem,” said Kim Jae-woo, a sociology professor at Jeonbuk National University. As of 2023, the suicide rate for those aged 65 and above reached 40.6 per 100,000—about 1.5 times higher than the overall rate across all age groups. “Economic hardship, physical illness, depression and social isolation all interact,” Kim said. “But poverty remains one of the most decisive factors.” While expanding mental health services is important, Kim stressed that the solution must be broader. Korea, he said, needs stronger community-based care systems for frailty and chronic illness, more robust social networks, and—most critically—direct financial support for economically vulnerable seniors. As policymakers debate reforms, the elderly lining up at Seoul’s free meal centers are already living with the consequences. Their hunger, illness and isolation are not abstract risks on a demographic chart, but daily realities unfolding quietly at the margins of one of the world’s richest economies. 2026-01-23 17:15:37
  • Analysis: Why Greenland became the Arctics most dangerous geopolitical flashpoint
    Analysis: Why Greenland became the Arctic's most dangerous geopolitical flashpoint SEOUL, January 23 (AJP) - As Arctic ice retreats, Greenland has emerged as one of the world's most consequential — and misunderstood — geopolitical battlegrounds. The world's largest island, sparsely populated yet strategically irreplaceable, now sits at the intersection of U.S. missile defense, Russian militarization, Chinese resource ambition and Europe's evolving security posture. U.S. President Donald Trump's renewed push to assert U.S. control over Greenland — abruptly dialed back this week after a tense standoff with European allies — did not create this competition. But it exposed how fragile the Arctic balance has become, and how little room remains for 19th-century power politics in a 21st-century alliance system. A strategic island the U.S. never stopped wanting Greenland's importance to Washington is not new. Since the 19th century, U.S. policymakers have viewed the island as a northern shield. After World War II, President Harry Truman offered Denmark $100 million in gold for sovereignty — an offer Copenhagen rejected but which set the template for decades of pragmatic compromise. Under a 1951 defense agreement, updated most recently in 2023, the U.S. has long operated military facilities on Greenland, most notably Pituffik Space Base, which hosts radar systems critical to detecting Russian intercontinental ballistic missiles crossing the Arctic. "The U.S. has long recognized Danish sovereignty over Greenland," said Charles Miller of the Australian National University. "But Denmark, as a founding NATO member, has consistently accepted U.S. military bases there, including nuclear-related capabilities." In purely military terms, Washington already has what it needs. Arctic ice melts — and geopolitics rushes in What has changed is the Arctic itself. As ice cover recedes, the region is no longer a frozen buffer but a navigable frontier. New shipping lanes promise to cut weeks off voyages between Asia, Europe and North America. Russia has responded by expanding Arctic bases and weapons systems, while China — declaring itself a "near-Arctic state" — has sought port access, research footholds and mineral stakes. "Greenland is enormously important strategically for the U.S. given the rapid expansion of Russian bases and armaments in the Arctic, and the deepening Sino-Russian relationship," said Kent Calder of Johns Hopkins University. "Trump's actions, however disruptive, were a wake-up call that will likely produce a stronger NATO response." Yet experts stress that none of this requires American sovereignty. "There is already a defense agreement that allows the U.S. to build and run whatever military bases it wants," said Ole Wæver of the University of Copenhagen. "From a security perspective, the key asset is already there: the radar at Pituffik." The resource myth — and the reality beneath it Beneath Greenland's ice lies another temptation: vast deposits of rare earth elements essential for electric vehicles, wind turbines, semiconductors and defense technologies. Sites such as Kvanefjeld are frequently cited as potential alternatives to China's near-monopoly over global supply. American and European policymakers see opportunity. Greenland’s leaders welcome investment. But the economic story is far less straightforward. Rare earth ores in Greenland are interwoven with uranium and thorium, creating serious environmental and health risks. In 2021, Greenland's electorate voted in a government that promptly banned uranium-linked mining, halting flagship projects. Infrastructure is minimal. Operating costs — the so-called "Arctic cost" — are punishing. "American firms can invest in mining," Wæver noted. "That is very welcome. But sovereignty is not the issue — environmental and social consent is." Even from Washington's perspective, access, not ownership, is the prize. "The U.S. could negotiate rights to critical minerals," said David Smith of the University of Sydney — without redrawing borders. Why Trump's approach alarmed allies Despite these realities, Trump revived his Greenland fixation after returning to office, pairing security rhetoric with tariff threats against Denmark and other European states. At one point, European officials openly discussed the risk — however remote — of U.S. coercion. "The risk of military intervention probably was real," Wæver said. "It was crazy, but it couldn't be ruled out." That prospect collapsed this week at Davos, where Trump announced a vague "framework for a future deal" after meeting NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte, dropping tariff threats and insisting force would not be used. The episode ended not with conquest, but with deterrence. "There is no public support in the U.S. for such a move," Miller said. "The economic consequences could be catastrophic, and there is strong opposition within the U.S. military." Europe's response — dispatching troops, hardening rhetoric and signaling economic retaliation — mattered. "The Europeans won," Wæver said. "Not militarily, but economically and politically." The sovereignty line that cannot be crossed What Trump's gambit ultimately collided with was not just NATO resistance, but a post-colonial norm: territory is no longer bought, sold or seized without the consent of its people. Greenland, home to just 57,000 residents, has enjoyed home rule since 1979. Denmark cannot sell it — and Greenlanders would not accept it. "There's a reason territorial purchases hardly happen anymore," Smith said. "National self-determination is the norm. Even the Trump administration seems to recognize that Greenlanders must have a say." The likely outcome now is incrementalism: expanded U.S. basing rights, greater NATO presence, limited resource cooperation — possibly modeled on U.S. compacts with Pacific island states. Everything short of sovereignty. The Arctic lesson Greenland's moment reveals a broader truth about the Arctic. The region is not just a security theater or a resource vault. It is an ecosystem, a homeland and a diplomatic stress test. Hard power can seize land. It cannot legitimize it, insure it, or integrate it into global supply chains. As the ice melts, access will matter more than ownership — and trust more than threats. Trump's retreat underscores that reality. The Arctic may be warming rapidly. But the rules governing it have not melted nearly as fast. 2026-01-23 09:22:52
  • Seoul weighs weekly half-price movie tickets to lure audiences back to cinemas
    Seoul weighs weekly half-price movie tickets to lure audiences back to cinemas SEOUL, January 21 (AJP) - South Korea is considering offering half-priced movie tickets and free admission to royal palaces every Wednesday, instead of once a month, as part of a broader effort to revive cultural consumption — though doubts remain over whether the move can rescue a struggling cinema industry. The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism said Tuesday it plans to expand “Culture Day,” currently held on the last Wednesday of each month, to every Wednesday. The timing of the change has not yet been finalized. Since its launch in 2014, Culture Day has allowed the public to visit national heritage sites such as Changgyeong Palace and Deoksu Palace for free and receive discounts at movie theaters and other cultural venues. Under the program, major cinema chains including CGV, Lotte Cinema and Megabox have offered 2D movie tickets priced at 7,000 won — less than half the average ticket price of about 15,000 won — for screenings between 5 p.m. and 9 p.m. While roughly one-third of moviegoers used the discount in 2014, participation surged to 85 percent by 2024, highlighting how deeply audiences have come to rely on price incentives. The proposed expansion comes as alarm grows over the state of South Korea’s film industry, which has been hit hard by the rapid shift toward streaming platforms. “The uncomfortable truth is that the film industry has practically collapsed,” said Kim Han-min, director of The Admiral: Roaring Currents, at a film forum hosted by the Korean Film Council and the National Assembly’s Culture Committee in January 2024. Director Kim Sung-soo echoed that assessment at the 2025 Mise-en-scène Short Film Festival. “If I had to describe it in one word: collapse,” he said. “Korean films simply aren’t being made.” “There used to be 50 to 60 commercial features shooting at any given time,” said one production executive. “Now it feels like barely half that.” Industry observers say the decline in theater attendance reflects deeper structural problems in Korean filmmaking. “When films like Avatar or Zootopia 2 succeed, it’s not a crisis of theaters — it’s a crisis of Korean cinema,” said one film distributor. Domestic audiences have continued to reward strong local titles, including The Roundup series, 12.12: The Day (2023) and Exhuma (2024), during the post-pandemic recovery period. Yet not a single Korean film surpassed 10 million viewers last year, an unprecedented result except for 2021, when theaters were largely shuttered by social distancing rules. Globally, the film market has recovered to roughly 80 percent of pre-pandemic levels, but Korea’s remains “stuck at the bottom,” industry insiders say. The Culture Day expansion has drawn support from lawmakers, though many describe it as only a temporary remedy. Rep. Lee Ki-heon of the ruling Democratic Party said the proposal demonstrates “a strong and proactive will by the government to revive an industry on the verge of collapse by lowering barriers to cultural consumption.” He added that consistent pricing incentives could help “rebuild the habit of moviegoing.” However, Lee cautioned that discounts alone cannot address deeper issues. “The crisis in the film industry stems not only from financial burdens, but also from a shortage of compelling content,” he said. Progressive Party lawmaker Son Sol called the measure “necessary and timely” to expand cultural access, but stressed that participation by private businesses — which operate nearly all theaters — is essential. “Public enthusiasm is high, but the system relies on voluntary participation,” she said. “The government must actively engage theater chains and production companies to sustain it.” Son also warned of a “vicious cycle” in which falling attendance has reduced Film Development Fund revenues, weakening support for emerging directors and film workers. “Korea’s global cinematic standing is at risk,” she said. Rep. Jung Yeon-wook of the opposition People Power Party supported the intent of the policy but criticized its rollout as rushed. “Without financial support, it could place undue burdens on private theaters,” he said. “Without proper consultation, it risks becoming a well-meaning but hollow gesture.” As the government collects public feedback on the proposed decree through Feb. 28, questions remain over whether cheaper tickets can truly reignite a film ecosystem facing structural decline. 2026-01-21 15:58:18
  • Park Chan-wooks No Other Choice emerges as Koreas biggest U.S. box-office hit
    Park Chan-wook's "No Other Choice" emerges as Korea's biggest U.S. box-office hit SEOUL, January 20 (AJP) - Park Chan-wook’s No Other Choice has become the highest-grossing Korean film ever released in the United States, surpassing the box-office record set by Bong Joon-ho’s Parasite and reinforcing the commercial viability of Korean noir among American audiences. After more than three decades of shaping South Korean cinema for global viewers, Park is registering his first major North American box-office breakthrough. No Other Choice, a dark comedy centered on a laid-off paper factory manager who systematically eliminates his rivals, is not only the director’s most successful release in South Korea but is now posting record results in the U.S. market. The achievement marks a new commercial milestone for the filmmaker best known for Oldboy and The Handmaiden. Distributed by Neon — which also handled Parasite — the film expanded nationwide to 695 U.S. theaters on January 16 following a limited Christmas release in five major cities. According to Box Office Mojo, it earned an estimated $888,000 on its first day of wide release, placing it in the national top ten. It is the first Korean film to do so since Parasite six years ago. In South Korea, No Other Choice has already surpassed all of Park’s previous works, grossing $4.2 million and exceeding Oldboy’s lifetime domestic total. Strong word of mouth among urban audiences and select IMAX screenings suggest the film may represent Park’s first sustained crossover with mainstream viewers. “Every A-list filmmaker I know talks about Director Park as someone who inspired them,” said Neon CEO Tom Quinn. “Oldboy changed my entire career. I’ve been waiting twenty years to work with him again.” “A Parasite for the AI Era” Despite its dark humor and satirical edge, Park has emphasized that the film’s core concern is the erosion of identity in an age of automation and economic displacement. “Everything in this film has to do with the loss of confidence of a man who has been fired,” Park told the Financial Times following the premiere. “This is a person who has maintained his self-worth only as someone who has a job. When such a person loses his profession, it leads to a complete loss of confidence. He feels like he is no longer a man.” The film stars Lee Byung-hun as a middle-aged manager whose position at a Busan paper factory is eliminated by its U.S. owners. In an effort to reclaim dignity and purpose, he redirects his managerial discipline toward murder. “The intensity of Man-su’s confidence, both as a father and a husband, is proportional to the number of successful murders he commits,” Park said. “That progression as a man goes hand in hand with the growth of his talent as a murderer.” Park describes this moral inversion with what he calls “mathematician’s precision,” though the film itself is marked by restraint rather than excess. He has characterized No Other Choice as “brutally, comically straightforward,” a departure from the complex narrative structures of his earlier work. The film is adapted from Donald E. Westlake’s 1997 novel The Ax, a project Park had considered for nearly two decades. Initially developed as a U.S.-based production — at one point for Netflix — the film was relocated to Korea following the success of Decision to Leave. “Because I began writing the script as an American film, much of the preparation focused on that version,” Park said. “But the story proved universal. Whenever I shared it abroad, people responded the same way: ‘This is our story.’” Global Resonance and Industry Reflection Premiering at the Venice Film Festival to a nine-minute standing ovation and later winning the International People’s Choice Award in Toronto, No Other Choice has come to symbolize a tentative revival for Korean cinema amid prolonged domestic uncertainty. “Due to the pandemic, audiences forgot about movie theatres,” Park said. “Korean culture peaked with Parasite and Squid Game, and immediately afterward we saw a steep decline in our industry.” Now shortlisted for the 2026 Academy Award for Best International Feature, the film’s trajectory from Venice to Hollywood challenges prevailing pessimism about Korea’s box-office slump. Actor Park Hee-soon captured the mood bluntly at a press conference, remarking, “Now it seems like if you only do film work, you’ll starve to death.” Park views the film’s success with measured unease. Its final image — a factory operating entirely without workers — points toward a future shaped by automation. He describes it as “a possible artificial intelligence filmmaker directing AI-generated actors.” “At the moment, it’s still abstract,” he said. “But I do believe it will become a danger for filmmakers as well. And I’m quite certain it’s approaching at remarkable speed.” 2026-01-20 16:56:52
  • Busan-sized metropolitan hubs envisioned in central and southern western Korea
    Busan-sized metropolitan hubs envisioned in central and southern western Korea SEOUL, January 20 (AJP) - As Seoul grows ever more crowded, much of the rest of South Korea is quietly emptying out. The imbalance has become one of the country’s defining challenges, straining housing, jobs and infrastructure in the capital while leaving regional cities with shrinking populations, weaker local economies and eroding public services. More than 51 percent of South Korea’s 51.6 million people live in and around Seoul, an area that covers just 12 percent of national land. The concentration is extreme by international standards. Only 7.5 percent of Germany’s population lives around Berlin, 15.9 percent around Rome and 17.4 percent around Madrid. Even in countries known for dominant capitals, the share is far lower: 24.5 percent around Paris, 24.8 percent around London and 34.4 percent around Tokyo. In Korea, this imbalance has reinforced itself as young people leave regional cities for education and work in Seoul, accelerating decline elsewhere. What once fueled growth has now become a structural constraint. South Korea is entering a period of rapid population decline and aging faster than any other major economy. In that context, concentrating people and opportunity in one metropolitan area is no longer efficient. Seoul faces chronic shortages of housing and jobs, while large parts of the country are losing the scale needed to sustain industries, public services and local investment. Policymakers warn that without structural change, the capital will continue to swell even as regional Korea hollows out. Rather than trying to push people out of Seoul, the government is pursuing a different strategy: building regional cities large enough to function as real alternatives. The Lee Jae Myung administration is promoting administrative integration, merging neighboring cities and provinces to create larger metropolitan governments with greater fiscal capacity and policy authority. Prime Minister Kim Min-seok has framed the initiative as a matter of national survival, saying “balanced regional development is not regional favoritism but a survival strategy for a sustainable future.” He added that the government would make the shift from capital-centered growth to region-led growth one of its top policy priorities. The approach is beginning to take shape. In December 2025, Daejeon Metropolitan City and South Chungcheong Province declared their intent to integrate administratively. In January, Gwangju and South Jeolla Province followed, aiming to elect unified leadership in the June local elections. If completed, the new metropolitan governments would have populations of 3.6 million and 3.2 million, respectively — comparable to Busan and Incheon, the country’s second- and third-largest cities. To support the transition, the central government has pledged up to 5 trillion won per year for each integrated region, with total support reaching 20 trillion won over four years. Kim said the government would move quickly to institutionalize support, announcing plans to form a joint task force with relevant ministries to finalize financial and administrative measures and work closely with the National Assembly. A dedicated support committee under the Prime Minister’s Office will also be established to ensure continuity beyond the initial merger phase, officials said. The logic behind the policy is scale. Smaller and shrinking local governments struggle to attract businesses, retain young workers or invest in infrastructure. Larger metropolitan units, officials argue, can pool budgets, coordinate development and create labor markets deep enough to compete with Seoul. The aim is to slow youth migration to the capital, ease pressure on its housing and transport systems, and concentrate remaining growth in a limited number of viable regional hubs as the population shrinks. Experts broadly support the direction but caution that process will determine outcomes. Professor Park Jin-sol of Inha University warned that administrative integration must not be rushed. “If integration proceeds in haste, it may be driven by the central government without sufficient collection of residents’ opinions,” she said, adding that it is more important to ensure resident participation and deliberation than to focus on speed. Past experience underscores the risk. The Cheongju–Cheongwon merger followed more than two decades of consultation and a local referendum and later showed gains in administrative efficiency. By contrast, the Changwon–Masan–Jinhae merger, completed without a referendum, has faced persistent disputes over governance and local marginalization. The difference, Park noted, lay not in policy design but in legitimacy. Lawmakers from both ruling and opposition parties have voiced support for integration while echoing the need for public consent. Democratic Party lawmaker Chae Hyun-il said integration is necessary to strengthen regional competitiveness but stressed that it must “lead to future-oriented development and real improvements in quality of life.” People Power Party lawmaker Koh Dong-jin also backed the policy, emphasizing that “legitimacy must be secured through the collection of residents’ opinions.” At the same time, criticism has emerged over the scale of government funding. Another ruling party lawmaker, Lee Chul-gyu, questioned whether heavy financial incentives risk distorting priorities. “National finances are limited,” he said, arguing that integration should focus on efficiency rather than what he called a “money-driven approach.” Despite debate over funding levels and timing, there is broad agreement across party lines that Seoul’s dominance has become a national constraint rather than a source of strength. As the capital grows ever more crowded and regional Korea continues to hollow out, administrative integration represents a high-stakes attempt to rebalance a shrinking country. 2026-01-20 11:31:08
  • Korean legislature passes bipartisan resolution condemning deadly crackdown in Iran
    Korean legislature passes bipartisan resolution condemning deadly crackdown in Iran SEOUL, January 19 (AJP) - South Korea’s National Assembly has joined an international chorus condemning Iran’s deadly crackdown on anti-government protests, amid widely varying estimates of civilian casualties. A rare bipartisan resolution denouncing the Iranian government’s “indiscriminate and harsh suppression” and calling for “responsible action by the international community” to protect civilian lives was passed Friday. The motion, introduced by Rep. Lee Un-ju, a Supreme Council member of the ruling Democratic Party of Korea, was signed by 77 lawmakers from both sides of the aisle. “As a country that directly experienced the horrific consequences of state violence through events such as the May 18 Democratic Movement, the Republic of Korea cannot turn a blind eye to the current situation in Iran,” Lee said in a statement. She added, “I hope this resolution will serve as a small spark of hope for the people of Iran, who are suffering under economic hardship and the suppression of freedom and democracy.” Rep. Kim Sang-wook, another Democratic Party lawmaker who supported the resolution, stressed the need for international solidarity. “It is time for the international community to stand together,” Kim said, adding that “the universally recognized values across the world are the right to life and the right to self-determination.” Kim argued that Iran’s government “is violating both of these rights” and said the international community must work collectively to protect Iranian civilians. Casualty figures remain disputed. The Sunday Times reported on Saturday, citing accounts from local doctors, that between 16,500 and 18,000 people have been killed and more than 330,000 injured. Other estimates cited by rights groups range from several thousand to significantly higher figures, though independent verification remains difficult. Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian said Monday that “an attack on our nation’s Supreme Leader is equivalent to a full-scale war against the Iranian state.” He also blamed “longstanding hostility and inhumane sanctions imposed by the U.S. government and its allies” for the country’s economic hardship. U.S. President Donald Trump said in an interview with Politico on Saturday that it was time to find “new leadership” for Iran — remarks widely interpreted as referring to Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, who has ruled for 37 years. According to the Associated Press, Khamenei said in a speech broadcast by state television on Saturday that “forces linked to Israel and the United States hurt people, killing thousands,” while denying that Iranian authorities were responsible for a violent crackdown. The remarks marked the first time Khamenei directly addressed casualty figures linked to the anti-government protests, which have continued since Dec. 28, 2025. 2026-01-19 12:15:38